Aetiology of PCR negative suspected Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever cases in an endemic area

Figures & data

Table 1 CCHF case definitions according to Ministry of Health and Laboratory Criteria for diagnosis

Suspected case	Sudden onset with at least two of the following findings: fever, headache, diffuse body pain, arthralgia, fatigue, diarrhea, and bleeding with individuals who reside in endemic area or who has visited the endemic region or with tick bite or contact with tissue or blood/body fluids of infected animals within the previous two weeks
Probable case	Suspected cases who had thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, elevated AST and ALT levels
Confirmed case	CCHF IgM of PCR positivity in the blood or body fluids of the patient

Table 2 Distribution of patients diagnosed other than CCHF

Diagnosis	N (%)	Subgroup diagnosis	N
Infectious diseases	45 (59.2)	Cellulitis	12
		Respiratory tract infection	12
		Urinary tract infection	6
		Intra-abdominal infection	4
		Sepsis unknown origin	3
		Leptospirosis	2
		Infective endocarditis	2
		Brucellosis	1
Non-infectious diseases	31 (40.8)	Isolated thrombocytopenia	13
		Toxic hepatitis	4
		Cryptogenic liver cirrhosis	4
		Myelofibrosis	3
		Megaloblastic anemia	2
		Myositis	2
		Colon cancer	1
		FMF	1
		Behcet’s disease	1

Table 3 Laboratory findings at admission in patients with non-CCHF diagnosis

Laboratory findings	Number of cases	%
Elevated AST	49	57
Elevated ALT	43	50
Thrombocytopenia	34	40
Leukopenia	22	26