A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and functional outcomes of artificial urinary sphincter implantation in women with stress urinary incontinence

Figures & data

Table 1. Summary of basic characteristics and perioperative outcomes of selected studies for meta-analysis.

Reference	Operation access	Patients, n	Age, years, mean	Previous anti-UI surgery, % (n/N)	Previous pelvic surgery, % (n/N)	MUCP, cm	Length of hospital stay, days, mean	Erosion, % (n/N)	Urethral, bladder injury, % (n/N)	Infection, % (n/N)	Cuff size, cm, mean (range)
Tricard et al. 2019 [17]	Open	63	58	18 (11/63)	82 (52/63)	27	9	8 (5/63)	3 (2/63)	NR	NR
Gondran-Tellier et al. 2019 [18]	Robotic	8	67	NR	NR	24	5	(0/8)	(0/8)	(0/8)	NR
Peyronnet et al. 2018 [19]	Robotic	49	70.5	85.7 (42/49)	NR	24	4	6 (3/49)	10 (5/49)	NR	7 (5–9)
Ferreira et al. 2017 [20]	LAP	52	69	79 (39/52)	98 (51/52)	16	2	8 (4/52)	(0/49)	2 (1/52)	7 (6–7)
Phé et al. 2014 [14]	Open	34	56	97 (33/34)	97 (33/34)	19	11	(0/34)	15 (5/34)	NR	7 (5–10)
Biardeau et al. 2015 [21]	Robotic	11	66	(11/11)	(5/11)	28	5	(2/11)	(2/11)	(0/11)	6 (5–7)
Fournier et al. 2014 [22]	Robotic	6	65	(5/6)	NR	16	6	(0/6)	NR	(0/6)	8 (7–9)
Costa et al. 2013 [23]	Open	344	57	69 (261/344)	43 (163/344)	NR	NR	25 (12/344)	6 (17/344)	18 (61/344)	NR
Trolliet et al. 2013 [24]	LAP	26	64	100 (26/26)	81(21/26)	26	6	27 (7/26)	19 (5/26)	0 (0/26)	6 (5–8)
Vayleux et al. 2011 [25]	Open	215	63	89 (184/215)	93 (200/215)	24	NR	5 (11/215)	11 (24/215)	1 (3/215)	7 (6–7)
Chung et al. 2010 [26]	Open	47	51	74 (35/47)	70 (33/47)	NR	NR	17 (8/47)	NR	4 (2/47)	NR
Mandron et al. 2010 [27]	LAP	25	67	84 (21/25)	36 (9/25)	16	4	8 (2/25)	(0/25)	(0/25)	6 (5–8)
Rouprêt et al. 2009 [28]	LAP	12	57	(11/12)	(5/12)	24	7	(2/12)	(2/12)	NR	7 (6–7)
Ngninkeu et al. 2005 [29]	LAP	4	68	(2/4)	(1/4)	24	8	(0/4)	(0/4)	NR	NR
Thomas et al. 2002 [30]	Open	68	51	81 (55/68)	73 (50/68)	NR	NR	NR	46 (31/68)	46 (31/68)	NR

MUCP, maximum urethral closure pressures; LAP, laparoscopic; NR, not reported.

Figure 1. Study selection flow chart, systematic PRISMA search strategy.

Table 2. Short/long-term clinical outcomes, rates of surgical revision of selected studies.

Reference	Follow-up, months, mean	Fully continent (no pads), % (n/N)	Social continence (1–2 pads), % (n/N)	Improved continence, % (n/N)	Mechanical complications, % (n/N)	Revision rate, % (n/N)	Explantation rate, % (n/N)	Device survival rate, years/%
Tricard et al. 2019 [17]	180	81 (51/63)	NR	9 (6/63)	5 (3/63)	5 (3/63)	8 (5/63)	20/69
Gondran-Tellier et al. 2019 [18]	12	(5/8)	(3/8)	(8/8)	(0/8)	(0/8)	(0/8)	NR
Peyronnet et al. 2018 [19]	18	81 (40/49)	12 (6/49)	12 (6/49)	2 (1/49)	6 (3/49)	2 (1/49)	NR
Ferreira et al. 2017 [20]	37	73 (38/52)	16 (8/52)	94 (46/49)	12 (6/52)	21 (11/52)	21 (11/52)	2/87 5/78
Phé et al. 2014 [14]	204	61 (21/34)	14 (5/34)	NR	47 (16/34)	34 (12/34)	24 (8/34)	10/80 15/80 20/74
Biardeau et al. 2015 [21]	19	(7/8)	(1/8)	(6/8)	NR	(3/8)	NR	NR
Fournier et al. 2014 [22]	14	(5/6)	(1/6)	(6/6)	(0/6)	(0/6)	NR	NR
Costa et al. 2013 [23]	108	94 (322/344)	10 (33/344)	NR	15 (51/344)	6 (22/344)	NR	3/90 5/89 10/69
Trolliet et al. 2013 [24]	20	61 (16/26)	19 (5/26)	19 (5/26)	8 (2/26)	15 (4/26)	NR	NR
Vayleux et al. 2011 [25]	72	66 (143/215)	74 (159/215)	NR	15 (33/215)	15 (33/215)	7 (15/215)	NR
Chung et al. 2010 [26]	162	85 (40/47)	NR	NR	38 (18/47) after 20 years	34 (16/47) after 20 years	17 (8/47)	8/80
Mandron et al. 2010 [27]	26	83 (19/23)	17 (4/23)	NR	(0/25)	(0/25)	8 (2/25)	NR
Rouprêt et al. 2009 [28]	12	(10/12)	(2/12)	(12/12)	NR	(0/12)	NR	NR
Ngninkeu et al. 2005 [29]	6	(3/4)	(1/4)	(4/4)	NR	(1/4)	(0/4)	NR
Thomas et al. 2002 [30]	84	81 (55/68)	NR	NR	18 (12/68)	18 (12/68)	44 (30/68)	NR

NR, not reported.

Figure 2. Meta-analysis; heterogeneity of the continence rate 79.6% (95% CI 72.2–86.6%).

Figure 3. Meta-analysis; heterogeneity of the social continence rate 11.4% (95% CI 9.3–13.9%).

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