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Original Articles

Decomposition of juvenile-sized remains: a macro- and microscopic perspective

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 310-319 | Received 01 Apr 2018, Accepted 13 Jun 2018, Published online: 20 Sep 2018

Figures & data

Figure 1. Descriptions of the Oxford Histological Index (OHI) and examples from the sectioned specimens in this study. (A) No original features identifiable, other than Haversian canals (Index 0); (B) small areas of well-preserved bone present, or some lamellar structure preserved by pattern of destructive foci (Index 1); (C) clear lamellate structure preserved between destructive foci (Index 2); (D) clear preservation of some osteocyte lacunae (Index 3); (E) only minor amounts of destructive foci, otherwise generally well preserved (Index 4); (F) Very well-preserved, virtually indistinguishable from fresh bone (Index 5) (Source: Mescher AL: Junqueira’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas 12th Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com Copyright© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved).

Figure 1. Descriptions of the Oxford Histological Index (OHI) and examples from the sectioned specimens in this study. (A) No original features identifiable, other than Haversian canals (Index 0); (B) small areas of well-preserved bone present, or some lamellar structure preserved by pattern of destructive foci (Index 1); (C) clear lamellate structure preserved between destructive foci (Index 2); (D) clear preservation of some osteocyte lacunae (Index 3); (E) only minor amounts of destructive foci, otherwise generally well preserved (Index 4); (F) Very well-preserved, virtually indistinguishable from fresh bone (Index 5) (Source: Mescher AL: Junqueira’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas 12th Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com Copyright© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved).

Table 1. Mean values for accumulated degree days (ADD) at skeletonization [excluding one winter juvenile that remained mummified] of the blanket foetal, bag foetal, control foetal, and surface juvenile depositions as well as mean temperature, relative humidity, daily precipitation, and soil moisture by season averaged over the 2-year study period.

Figure 2. Best and worst preserved for each deposition (A) and (B) are the bagged foetal remains with an OHI of 2 and 1, respectively. (C) and (D) are the blanket foetal remains with an OHI of 3 and 1, respectively. (E) and (F) are the buried juvenilies with an OHI of 4 and 0, respectively. (G) and (H) are the surface juveniles with an OHI of 4 and 1, respectively.

Figure 2. Best and worst preserved for each deposition (A) and (B) are the bagged foetal remains with an OHI of 2 and 1, respectively. (C) and (D) are the blanket foetal remains with an OHI of 3 and 1, respectively. (E) and (F) are the buried juvenilies with an OHI of 4 and 0, respectively. (G) and (H) are the surface juveniles with an OHI of 4 and 1, respectively.

Table 2. Probabilities determined by destructive degradation model for each deposition and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) of each loglogistic model. It reads that there is a 67% probability that the Oxford Histological Index (OHI) of bone would be between 1 and 2 for an accumulated degree days (ADD) of 2 153.9.

Table 3. Provides the model from the destructive degradation profile of each deposition with loglikelihood of each model.