Thermostable xylanase production and partial purification by solid-state fermentation using agricultural waste wheat straw

Figures & data

Table 1. Effect of various substrates on enzyme production

Substrates	Enzyme activity (IU/ml)
Rice straw	135 ± 1.12
Soyabean waste	112 ± 0.81
Wheat straw	146 ± 0.55
Corn cobs	137 ± 0.98
Sugarcane baggase	98 ± 0.74

Table 2. Activity of enzyme–substrate reaction at various incubation times

Incubation time (min)	Enzyme activity(IU/ml)
5	35 ± 0.21
10	55 ± 0.57
15	59 ± 0.54
20	95 ± 0.79
25	125 ± 0.87
30	146 ± 1.10
35	138 ± 0.44
40	115 ± 0.25

Table 3. Effect of temperature on enzyme activity

Incubation time (min)	Enzyme activity (IU/ml)
16	89 ± 1.6
30	146 ± 0.85
37	139 ± 0.62
40	130 ± 0.24
50	125 ± 1.10
60	135 ± 1.8
70	140 ± 2.3
80	85 ± 0.58

Figure 1. Effect of pH on enzyme activity.

Table 4. Effect of various moistening agents on xylanase activity

Moistening agent	Incubation (days )	Xylanase activity (IU/ml)
Distilled water	12	146 ± 0.65
MS medium	12	135 ± 0.90
Basal salt solution	12	120 ± 1.57
Modified MS medium	12	130 ± 0.52

Table 5. Effect of moisture levels on xylanase production

Moisture level	Incubation (days)	Xylanase activity (IU/ml)
1:1	12	52 ± 1.0
1:2	12	64 ± 1.6
1:3	12	125 ± 1.4
1:4	12	139 ± 0.87
1:5	12	146 ± 0.5
1:6	12	127 ± 0.7

Table 6. Effect of carbon sources on enzyme production

Carbon sources	Enzyme activity(IU/ml)
Glucose	140 ± 0.15
maltose	135 ± 1.5
Xylose	160 ± 0.85
fructose	138 ± 2.6
lactose	136 ± 1.4
Sucrose	142 ± 0.79

Table 7. Effect of metal ions on enzyme activity

Metal ions	Enzyme activity (IU/ml)
Mn^2+	139 ± 0.3
Zn^2+	149 ± 1.4
Cu^2+	143 ± 2.3
Ca^2+	152 ± 0.24
K^2+	140 ± 2.1
Mg^2+	138 ± 1.8

Figure 2. SDS–PAGE of xylanase enzyme. Lane 1: Ladder medium range (Bangalore Gene Pvt. Ltd., Cat. No. RPMW-M 106005). Lane 2: Partially purified enzyme (29,000 Da).