Risk factors and mortality of the newly emerging Candida auris in a university hospital in Saudi Arabia

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics and clinical data.

Nominal variables	Attributes	n	Percentage (%)
Gender	Male	18	66.7
Culture site	Blood Other	17 10	63.0 37.0
Source of infection	CAUTI CLABSI Other	3 17 7	11.1 63.0 25.9
Numerical variables	Mean (range)	Median	SD
Age, in years	58.07 (18–94)	58.00	17.57
Length of hospital stay (d)	83.19 (3–209)	78.00	58.80
Antifungal treatment duration (d)	23.04 (2–57)	18.00	15.66
Charlson weighted comorbidity index	4.56 (0–10)	4.00	2.22
White blood cell count (10^3/μL)	13.39	13.00	9.14
Platelet count (10^3/μL)	251.26	231.00	162.91
AST (U/L)	77.63	36.00	173.17
Bilirubin (μmol/L)	14.48	8.00	15.08
INR	1.41	1.20	1.01
Creatinine (μmol/L)	125.04	95.00	100.47

AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CLABSI, central line-associated bloodstream infection; CAUTI, catheter-associated urinary tract infections; INR, international normalised ratio; n, number; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2. Distribution of clinical features and comorbidities.

Variables	Present, n (%)
Fever	9 (33.3)
Shock	9 (33.3)
Hypothermia	0 (0.0)
Indwelling device	27 (100.0)
ICU admission	22 (81.5)
Diabetes mellitus	16 (59.3)
Hypertension	13 (48.1)
Renal impairment	11 (40.7)
Hemodialysis	5 (18.5)
Heart disease	13 (48.1)
Cerebrovascular disease	10 (37.0)
Chronic liver disease	10 (37.0)
Lung disease	2 (7.4)
Malignancy	6 (22.2)
Immunosuppressive therapy	10 (37.0)
Recent surgical history	11 (40.7)
HIV	2 (7.4)
COVID-19	2 (7.4)

HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; ICU, intensive care unit; n, number; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.

Table 3. Analyses of association between outcomes and sex or type of infection.

Analysis	Variables	Attributes	Alive, n (%)	Dead, n (%)	P value	Odds ratio (95% CI)
Analysis of association with mortality
	Sex	Male Female	7 (38.9) 2 (22.2)	11 (61.1) 7 (77.8)	0.667	2.23 (0.36–13.96)
	Type of infection	Monomicrobial Polymicrobial	6 (31.6) 3 (37.5)	13 (68.4) 5 (62.5)	0.999	0.77 (0.14–4.33)
Analysis of association with ICU admission
	Sex	Male Female	14 (77.8) 8 (88.9)	4 (22.2) 1 (11.1)	0.636	2.29 (0.22–24.14)
	Type of infection	Monomicrobial Polymicrobial	16 (84.2) 6 (75.0)	3 (15.8) 2 (25.0)	0.616	0.56 (0.08–4.24)

ICU, intensive care unit; n, number. Statistical analyses were performed with Chi-square tests.

Table 4. Correlation between continuous variables.

Variable		Length of hospital stay	Charlson weighted comorbidity index	Antifungal treatment duration
Age	Correlation coefficient	−0.197	−0.016	−0.409*
	P value (2-tailed)	0.325	0.937	0.034
Length of hospital stay	Correlation coefficient		−0.043	0.549**
	P value (2-tailed)		0.832	0.003
Charlson weighted comorbidity index	Correlation coefficient			0.015
	P value (2-tailed)			0.941

*, correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed); **, correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). Correlations were assessed with Pearson correlation tests.

Table 5. Relationship between gender or infection type and Charlson index, length of hospital stay, and antifungal treatment duration.

Analysis variable	t	95% confidence interval		P value
		Lower	Upper
Analysis of association between gender and …
Charlson weighted comorbidity index	1.503	−0.49336	3.16003	0.145
Length of hospital stay	0.504	−37.88530	62.44086	0.619
Antifungal treatment duration	0.679	−8.91748	17.69526	0.503
Analysis of association between infection type and …
Charlson weighted comorbidity index	0.456	−1.52686	2.39529	0.652
Length of hospital stay	−2.127	−97.36789	−1.57948	0.043
Antifungal treatment duration	−1.027	−20.60815	6.50289	0.294

Statistical analyses were performed with independent samples t-tests.