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Research Paper

Alien tree invasion into a South African montane grassland ecosystem: impact of Acacia species on rangeland condition and livestock carrying capacity

ORCID Icon, , & ORCID Icon
Pages 105-116 | Received 07 Feb 2017, Accepted 01 Mar 2018, Published online: 16 Mar 2018

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map showing location of the study site and the placement of sampling plots.

Figure 1. Map showing location of the study site and the placement of sampling plots.

Figure 2. Mean percent basal cover ± SE for ecological groups in uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded, (n = 5), dense invaded (n = 5) and cleared (n = 5) sites in the Amathole Montane Grassland of Stutterheim, Eastern Cape (F = 6.62, p < 0.000) .

Figure 2. Mean percent basal cover ± SE for ecological groups in uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded, (n = 5), dense invaded (n = 5) and cleared (n = 5) sites in the Amathole Montane Grassland of Stutterheim, Eastern Cape (F = 6.62, p < 0.000) .

Table 1. Means ± SE values of infiltration rate and layer properties in uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded (n = 5), dense invaded (n = 5) sites and cleared (n = 5) in the Amathole Montane Grassland of Stutterheim, Eastern Cape.

Figure 3. Average percent moisture content ± SE for difference sites: for uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded, (n = 5), densely invaded (n = 5) and cleared (n = 5) sites in the Amathole Montane Grassland of Stutterheim, Eastern Cape. All differences are significant at p < 0.05, Games Howell Post-Hoc test (F = 5.40, p < 0.01) .

Figure 3. Average percent moisture content ± SE for difference sites: for uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded, (n = 5), densely invaded (n = 5) and cleared (n = 5) sites in the Amathole Montane Grassland of Stutterheim, Eastern Cape. All differences are significant at p < 0.05, Games Howell Post-Hoc test (F = 5.40, p < 0.01) .

Table 2. Mean percent content ± SE for soil chemical properties in uninvaded (n = 5), cleared (n = 5), lightly invaded (n = 5) and dense invaded (n = 5) sites in the Amathola Montane Grassland of the Eastern Cape.

Figure 4. Mean grazing capacities ± SE for uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded, (n = 5), densely invaded (n = 5) and cleared (n = 5) sites in the Amathole Montane Grassland. All differences are significant at p < 0.05, Games Howell Post-Hoc test (F = 14.84, p < 0.05).

Figure 4. Mean grazing capacities ± SE for uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded, (n = 5), densely invaded (n = 5) and cleared (n = 5) sites in the Amathole Montane Grassland. All differences are significant at p < 0.05, Games Howell Post-Hoc test (F = 14.84, p < 0.05).

Table 3. Mean range condition scores ± SE for different species in uninvaded (n = 5), lightly invaded, (n = 5), densely invaded (n = 5) and cleared (n = 5) sites in the Amathole Montane Grassland of Stutterheim, Eastern Cape.