The Impact of Motivation, Opportunity, Financial Ability, and Willingness on Resident Support for Tourism Development

Figures & data

Figure 1. Motivation, Opportunity, Ability, and Willingness to Support Tourism Development (MOAWST).

The research framework shows the impact of residents’ financial ability, knowledge and awareness on their willingness in and participate and support tourism development.

Figure 2. Measurement Model Assessment.

Results of the Measurement model show the factor loadings and the items for each variable.

Table 1. Factor Loading, Construct Reliability, and Validity.

	ATD	AWS	FNA	KNL	MVT	OPP	STD	WLG	CA	CR	AVE
Attitude									0.911	0.931	0.694
ATD1	0.861
ATD2	0.816
ATD3	0.831
ATD4	0.747
ATD5	0.856
ATD6	0.880
Awareness									0.880	0.918	0.736
AWS1		0.901
AWS2		0.850
AWS3		0.869
AWS4		0.810
Financial Ability									0.890	0.919	0.696
FNA1			0.850
FNA2			0.921
FNA3			0.796
FNA4			0.827
FNA5			0.770
Knowledge									0.943	0.954	0.747
KNL1				0.898
KNL2				0.868
KNL3				0.960
KNL4				0.808
KNL5				0.893
KNL6				0.852
KNL7				0.759
Motivation									0.919	0.939	0.755
MVT1					0.872
MVT2					0.884
MVT3					0.822
MVT4					0.868
MVT5					0.897
Opportunity									0.885	0.921	0.745
OPP1						0.899
OPP2						0.866
OPP3						0.802
OPP4						0.882
Support Tourism Development									0.942	0.954	0.775
STD1							0.942
STD2							0.883
STD3							0.898
STD4							0.868
STD5							0.843
STD6							0.843
Willingness									0.906	0.930	0.729
WLG1								0.857
WLG2								0.802
WLG3								0.800
WLG4								0.848
WLG5								0.952

“Note: CA, Cronbach's Alpha; CR, composite reliability; AVE, average variance extracted.”

Table 2. Discriminant Validity and Correlation (Fornell and Larcker).

	ATD	AWS	FNA	KNL	MVT	OPP	STD	WLG
Attitude	0.933
Awareness	0.849	0.958
Financial Ability	0.872	0.845	0.934
Knowledge	0.875	0.862	0.871	0.965
Motivation	0.865	0.836	0.872	0.872	0.969
Opportunity	0.862	0.839	0.880	0.863	0.861	0.963
Support Tourism Development	0.872	0.828	0.879	0.874	0.870	0.844	0.980
Willingness	0.862	0.865	0.865	0.870	0.861	0.847	0.868	0.954

Table 3. Heterotrait-Monontrait Ratio.

	ATD	AWS	FNA	KNL	MVT	OPP	STD	WLG
Attitude
Awareness	0.759
Financial Ability	0.625	0.678
Knowledge	0.456	0.596	0.631
Motivation	0.549	0.478	0.573	0.589
Opportunity	0.654	0.639	0.621	0.570	0.409
Support Tourism Development	0.469	0.519	0.347	0.403	0.510	0.580
Willingness	0.357	0.467	0.650	0.644	0.319	0.601	0.453

Table 4. Variance Inflation Factor (Inner VIF).

	ATD	AWS	FNA	KNL	MVT	OPP	STD	WLG
Attitude							1.579
Awareness								1.787
Financial Ability								1.204
Knowledge								2.457
Motivation	2.212
Opportunity							1.773
Support Tourism Development
Willingness	1.814

Figure 3. Structural Model.

Results of the structural model show the relationship between residents’ financial ability, knowledge, awareness, willingness to participate, attitude and support tourism development.

Table 5. Direct Relationships.

	Original Sample	Sample Mean	STDEV	T Statistics	P Values
Attitude – > Support Tourism Development	1.243	1.261	0.133	9.373	0.000
Awareness – > Willingness	0.204	0.215	0.118	1.732	0.084
Financial Ability – > Willingness	0.695	0.739	0.193	3.604	0.000
Knowledge – > Willingness	0.084	0.030	0.237	0.354	0.724
Motivation – > Attitude	0.523	0.516	0.138	3.791	0.000
Opportunity – > Support Tourism Development	0.275	0.293	0.133	2.064	0.040
Willingness – > Attitude	0.463	0.470	0.136	3.400	0.001

Table 6. Indirect Relationships.

	Original Sample	Sample Mean	STDEV	T Statistics	P Values
Motivation – > Attitude – > Support Tourism Development	0.650	0.659	0.209	3.111	0.002
Knowledge – > Willingness – > Attitude – > Support Tourism Development	0.048	0.014	0.140	0.345	0.730
Financial Ability – > Willingness – > Attitude	0.322	0.345	0.127	2.542	0.011
Willingness – > Attitude – > Support Tourism Development	0.575	0.584	0.152	3.789	0.000
Knowledge – > Willingness – > Attitude	0.039	0.015	0.108	0.360	0.719
Awareness – > Willingness – > Attitude – > Support Tourism Development	0.118	0.128	0.079	1.484	0.138
Financial Ability – > Willingness – > Attitude – > Support Tourism Development	0.400	0.434	0.163	2.450	0.015
Awareness – > Willingness – > Attitude	0.095	0.103	0.064	1.476	0.140