Tissue culture of gerunggang (Cratoxylum arborescens (Vahl) Blume): multipurpose native species of Indonesian peatland

Figures & data

Figure 1. Gerunggang in its natural habitat in Riau (a) and the 6-month old seedlings in the nursery.

Figure 2. Response of gerunggang explant in vitro: bud break from gerunggang explant initiation (a), shoot initiation, 1 month after bud break (b), and elongation shoot initiation after 6 months (c).

Table 1. Effect of hormone treatment on bud break time after transfer of explants and shoot initiation response of gerunggang after bud break (1 month in vitro), shoots elongation, percentage of explants mortality, and axenic culture (after 3 months in vitro).

Treatment number	Hormone treatment (mg/l)		Time of bud break (weeks)	Shoots initiation (cm)	Shoots elongation (cm)	Explants mortality (%)	Axenic culture (%)
	BAP	NAA
1	0.5	0.1	8^a	1.2 ± 0.2^a	4.5 ± 0.2^a	12^a	80^a
2	0.0	0.5	7^a	1.3 ± 0.2^a	4.5 ± 0.2^a	10^a	87^a
3	1.0	0.1	3^b	2.7 ± 0.1^b	5.8 ± 0.2^b	14	85^a
4	0.0	0.5	2^b	3.0 ± 0.2^b	7.4 ± 0.1^c	10^a	85^a
5	1.5	0.1	3^b	2.0 ± 0.1^c	5.3 ± 0.2^b	13^a	85^a
6	0.0	0.5	3^b	1.8 ± 0.1^c	4.7 ± 0.2^a	15^a	80^a

Mean with different letters (a, b, and c) are significantly different from each other at 0.5 probability level by Duncan multiple range test. The results of ANOVA showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the concentration of BAP & NAA tested for bud break, shoots initiation, and shoots elongation.

Figure 3. The effect of BAP and NAA hormones combination treatments (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) on the gerunggang nodule multiplication coefficient (NMC). Mean with different letters (a, b, c, d, and e) are significantly different from each other at 0.5 probability level by Duncan multiple range test.

Figure 4. Explants multiplication and rooting of gerunggang.

Figure 5. Acclimatization of gerunggang.