Abstract
Chongqing's campaign to ‘fight against the black’, an important part of the so-called ‘Chongqing model’, has been hotly disputed nationwide. In this article, the author, one of the leading figures in the action against the local criminal syndicate and especially their patrons within the bureaucratic system, provides a picture, and inquires into the control of organized crimes in China, a country that has been undergoing drastic and profound socio-economic changes.
Notes
1 Amendments were made to Article 294 (1) on 25 February 2011 at the 19th session of the standing Committee of 11th People's Congress. ‘[W]hich carries out lawless and criminal activities in an organized manner through violence, threat, or other means, with the aim of playing the tyrant in a locality, committing all sorts of crimes, bullying and harming the masses, and doing what has seriously undermined economic and social order’ was deleted from the text, and the punishment stipulated for organizers and leaders of organizations with characteristics of a criminal syndicate, formerly ‘3–10 years of prison’ was replaced with a punishment of ‘at least 7 years of prison’.
2 See Note 1 above.