A-FABP and oestrogens are independently involved in the development of breast cancer

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics and clinical characteristics of the patients.

Characteristics	Non-Cancer patients	Cancer patients
Number (n)	157	92
Age, years, mean (range)	48 (19–67)	53 (36–83)
BMI, kg/m^2 (range)	27.6 (16.3–44.4)	28.5 (16.8–47.8)
Race	151W,3B, 2H, 1A	87W,4B,1A
Menopausal status (n)	Pre (63) Post (94)	Pre (39) Post (53)
Stage (n)	N/A	DCIS (17), I (29), II (35), III (11)
Oestrone (E1) (pg/ml) (mean±SD)	106 ± 199.2	133.9 ± 114.6
Oestradiol (E2) (pg/ml) (mean±SD)	77.4 ± 98.5	72.6 ± 68.2
Oestriol (E3) (pg/ml) (mean±SD)	40.7 ± 30.9	41.2 ± 37.3
A-FABP (ng/ml) (mean±SD)	25.32 ± 18.97	25.3 ± 21.48

W: White, B: Black, H: Hispanic, A, Asian.

Table 2. Levels of oestrogens (E1, E2, E3) (pg/mL) in the entire population.

		Premenopause	Postmenopause	P value
	Non-obese	177.8 ± 225.6 (73)	99.0 ± 173.2 (102)	< 0.001
E1	Obese	101.7 ± 85.1 (29)	65.2 ± 48.0 (45)	< 0.001
	P value	0.011	0.024
	Non-obese	102.4 ± 106.5 (73)	61.2 ± 91.8 (102)	< 0.001
E2	Obese	83.53 ± 8.9 (29)	59.7 ± 56.3 (45)	< 0.001
	P value	0.96	0.075
	Non-obese	46.0 ± 33.1 (73)	46.7 ± 38.6 (102)	0.57
E3	Obese	25.6 ± 15.1 (29)	29.4 ± 22.3 (45)	0.47
	P value	<0.001	0.004

Table 4. Levels of oestrogens (E1,E2,E3) (pg/mL) based on obese status.

		Non-obese			Obese
		Non-cancer	Cancer	P value	Non-cancer	Cancer	P value
E1	Premenopause	150.2 ± 267.6 (43)	217.4 ± 140.9 (30)	0.001	82.9 ± 53.8 (20)	143.4 ± 124.9 (9)	p > 0.05
	Postmenopause	101.7 ± 203.8 (71)	93 ± 63.9 (31)	p > 0.05	57.1 ± 55.2 (23)	73.7 ± 38.4 (22)	p > 0.05
E2	Premenopause	99.2 ± 121.2 (43)	107 ± 82.8 (30)	p > 0.05	88.9 ± 35.4 (20)	71.6 ± 45.5 (9)	p > 0.05
	Postmenopause	63.3 ± 102.8 (71)	56.5 ± 60.7 (31)	p > 0.05	70.1 ± 65.1 (23)	48.8 ± 44.4 (22)	p > 0.05
E3	Premenopause	47.1 ± 25.4 (43)	44.4 ± 42.2 (30)	p > 0.05	19.2 ± 10.2 (20)	39.8 ± 14.7 (9)	0.001
	Postmenopause	49.4 ± 35.8 (71)	40.3 ± 44.4 (31)	p > 0.05	20.8 ± 14.3 (23)	38.5 ± 25.6 (22)	0.003

Table 3. Levels of oestrogens (E1, E2, E3) (pg/mL) based on breast cancer status and according to pre/post-menopausal groups.

		Non-Cancer			Cancer
		Premenopause	Postmenopause	P value	Premenopause	Postmenopause	P value
	Non-obese	150.2 ± 267.6 (43)	101.7 ± 203.8 (71)	<0.001	217.4 ± 140.9 (30)	93 ± 63.9 (31)	< 0.001
E1	Obese	82.9 ± 53.8 (20)	57.1 ± 55.2 (23)	0.002	143.4 ± 124.9 (9)	73.7 ± 38.4 (22)	< 0.001
	P value	0.2	0.005		0.11	0.31
	Non-obese	99.2 ± 121.2 (43)	63.3 ± 102.8 (71)	< 0.001	107 ± 82.8 (30)	56.5 ± 60.7 (31)	< 0.001
E2	Obese	88.9 ± 35.4 (20)	70.1 ± 65.1 (23)	< 0.001	71.6 ± 45.5 (9)	48.8 ± 44.4 (22)	< 0.001
	P value	0.31	0.035		0.24	0.66
	Non-obese	47.1 ± 25.4 (43)	49.4 ± 35.8 (71)	0.9	44.4 ± 42.2 (30)	40.3 ± 44.4 (31)	0.57
E3	Obese	19.2 ± 10.2 (20)	20.8 ± 14.3 (23)	0.73	39.8 ± 14.7 (9)	38.5 ± 25.6 (22)	0.47
	P value	<0.001	<0.001		0.58	0.44

Table 5. A-FABP levels (ng/ml) based on breast cancer, menopause and obese status.

	Non-Cancer			Cancer
	Premenopause	Postmenopause	P value	Premenopause	Postmenopause	P value
Non-obese	18.9 ± 17.6(43)	26.9 ± 16.2(71)	0.008	12.1 ± 14.6 (30)	24.9 ± 18.0 (31)	0.005
Obese	16.8 ± 16.7(20)	40 ± 22.5(23)	0.001	23.2 ± 16.1 (9)	44.8 ± 22.2 (22)	0.012
P value	0.642	0.012		0.053	0.002

Figure 1. Analysis of the association between estrone and A-FABP.

Figure 2. Analysis of the association between estriol and A-FABP.

Figure 3. Analysis of the association between estradiol and A-FABP.