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Smoking-induced immune deviation contributes to progression of bladder and other cancers

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Article: e1019199 | Received 09 Feb 2015, Accepted 09 Feb 2015, Published online: 27 Jul 2015

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Figure 1. Current (in black, upper arm) and proposed (in red, lower arm) hypotheses for explaining the mechanisms by which smoking mediates bladder carcinogenesis.

Figure 1. Current (in black, upper arm) and proposed (in red, lower arm) hypotheses for explaining the mechanisms by which smoking mediates bladder carcinogenesis.

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