NKp46 expression on NK cells as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for response to allo-SCT in patients with AML

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline patient characteristics.

	All patients N = 180		High NKp46 N = 35 (19.4%)		Low NKp46 N = 145 (80.6%)
Characteristic	Median		Median		Median		p
Median Follow-up (months)	55.3		59.1		53.2
Age (years)	47		47		48		0.328
WBC (10^9/L)	16		18		12		0.945
Time to allograft (months)	4.9		4.9		4.8		0.755
	Nb.	(%)	Nb.	(%)	Nb.	(%)	p
Sex
Male	92	(51.1)	16	(45.7)	76	(52.4)	0.477
Female	88	(48.9)	19	(54.3)	69	(47.6)
Cytogenetics
Favorable	22	(12.2)	5	(14.3)	17	(11.7)	0.308
Intermediate	139	(77.2)	24	(68.6)	115	(79.3)
Unfavorable	19	(10.6)	6	(17.1)	13	(9.0)
Consolidation Allograft in CR1	66	(36.7)	14	(40.0)	52	(35.9)	0.648
No allograft in CR1	114	(63.3)	21	(60.0)	93	(64.1)
Nb inductions
1	139	(77.7)	29	(82.9)	110	(76.4)	0.410
2	41	(22.3)	6	(17.1)	35	(23.6)

Abbreviations: CR1, first complete remission; Nb, number; WBC, white blood cells.

Figure 1. Kaplan–Meier estimates of progression-free survival (A) and overall survival (B) by NKp46 expression at diagnosis. Cumulative incidence of relapse (C) and non-relapse mortality (D) by NKp46 expression at diagnosis. The numbers at the bottom of each plot represent the number at risk at the beginning of each 12-mo period for each group of patients. CR: complete remission. Statistical analyses were performed using a log Rank tests. p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Table 2. Multivariate analysis of PFS and OS.

	Multivariate HR for PFS			Multivariate HR for OS
Variable	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p
Cytogenetics
Favorable	Reference			Reference
Intermediate	1.552	0.69 to 3.45	0.280	2.432	0.86 to 6.82	0.091
Adverse	2.711	1.04 to 7.03	0.040	2.746	0.81 to 9.27	0.104
WBC (10^9/L)	1.002	0.99 to 1.01	0.292	1.001	0.99 to 1.01	0.740
Age	1.006	0.98 to 1.03	0.551	1.010	0.98 to 1.03	0.411
Nb inductions	1.297	0.78 to 2.14	0.306	1.575	0.92 to 2.69	0.096
NKp46 expression
Low	Reference			Reference
High	0.409	0.20 to 0.81	0.010	0.335	0.14 to 0.78	0.011

Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; OS: overall survival; PFS: progression-free survival; WBC: white blood cells.

Figure 2. Kaplan–Meier estimates of progression-free survival (A, C) and overall survival (B,D) according to post-remission therapy in patients with low (A, B) or high (C, D) NKp46 expression at diagnosis. The numbers at the bottom of each plot represent the number at risk at the beginning of each 12-mo period for each group of patients. CR: complete remission. Statistical analyses were performed using a log Rank tests. p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Figure 3. Comparison of NKp46 expression in AML patients and HV. NKp46 expression on NK cells was assessed by flow cytometry at diagnosis. Patients were stratified by NKp46 expression. NKp46 expression in each subgroup of patients (NKp46^high and NKp46^low) was compared with HV. Abbreviations: HV: healthy volunteers. Differences were assessed with a Student's t test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. ***p < 0.0001.