Trial watch: dietary interventions for cancer therapy

Figures & data

Table 1. Clinical trials employing diet for cancer therapy.

Dietary intervention	Additional details (when available)	NCT	Therapeutic intervention	Cancer type	Phase	Status
Short-term starvation	24, 48, or 72 h of fasting or 48 h of FMD	NCT00936364	Platinum chemotherapy	Advanced solid tumors		Recruiting
	24, 36, or 48 h of fasting before chemotheray	NCT01175837	Chemotherapy		Pilot study	Completed
	STS 24 h before and 24 h after chemotherapy	NCT01304251	Docetaxel, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide	Breast cancer	Pilot study	Completed
	STS 24 h before and 24 h after chemotherapy	NCT02379585	Doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, docetaxel, trastuzumab, pertuzumab	Breast cancer	Phase 1/2	Terminated, has results
Fasting-mimicking diet	FMD 36 to 48 h before and 24 h after chemotherapy	NCT01954836	Chemotherapy	Gynecological	Pilot study	Completed
	FMD	NCT02126449	Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	HER2-negative breast cancer	Phase 2/3	Terminated
	FMD 36 h before and 24 h after chemotherapy	NCT02710721	Chemotherapy	Prostate		Recruiting
	FMD or vegan diet 36 to 48 h before and 24 h after chemotherapy	NCT03162289	Chemotherapy	Breast and ovarian		Recruiting
	FMD (low calorie, low protein, and low carboydrates) for 5 days	NCT03340935	Standard therapies	Any malignancy except small-cell neuroendocrine tumors		Recruiting
	5 days of FMD 13 to 15 days before or 1 month after surgery	NCT03454282	Surgery	Breast and melanoma tumors		Recruiting
	FMD for 5 days	NCT03595540	Chemo-, hormono-, targeted or immuno-therapies			Recruiting
	FMD 72 h before and 24 h after chemo-immunotherapy	NCT03700437	Carboplatin/pemetrexed and pembrolizumab	NSCLC		Not yet recruiting
	FMD for 5 days	NCT03709147	Metformin	Advanced LKB1-inactive lung adenocarcinoma	Phase	Not yet recruiting
Ketogenic diet	KD	NCT00575146	Bevacizumab	Recurrent glioblastoma	Phase 1	Completed, has results
	KD for up to one year	NCT01092247	No	High-grade glial tumors		Unknown
	KD starts 2 days before chemoradiation and last at least during 5 weeks throughout the treatment	NCT01419483	Chemoradiation	Pancreatic		Terminated
	KD starts 2 days before chemoradiation and last at least during 5 weeks throughout the treatment	NCT01419587	Chemoradiation	Carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer		Terminated
	Energy-restricted KD starts after surgery and continues through radio and chemotherapy, ending 6 weeks after treatments completion	NCT01535911	Surgery followed by chemo- and radiotherapy	Brain tumors		Active, not recruiting
	KD	NCT01716468	No	Metastatic cancer		Completed
	2 cycles of 3 days calorie-restricted KD separated by 3 days fasting	NCT01754350	Reirradiation	Recurrent glioblastoma		Active, not recruiting
	KD with calorie restriction for 6 months	NCT01865162	No	Refractory/end-stage glioblastoma	Phase 1	Recruiting
	KD starts 2 days before chemoradiation and last at least during 5 weeks throughout the treatment	NCT01975766	Chemoradiation	Head and neck cancer	Phase 1	Terminated (poor accrual)
	KD starts after surgery and continues through radio and chemotherapy. A modified Atkins diet is implemented during the following month of chemotherapy.	NCT02046187	Chemoradiation	Glioblastoma	Phase 1/2	Terminated
	KD or low glycemic and insulinemic diet for 20 weeks	NCT02092753	No	Breast cancer		Completed
	Modified Atkins-based with intermittent fasting diet	NCT02286167	No	Glioblastoma		Recruiting
	KD starts at the radiation initiation and continues 6 months	NCT02302235	Radiation and temozolomide	Glioblastoma multiforme	Phase 2	Recruiting
	Ketogenic breakfast after overnight fasting and before chemoradiation or KD throughout the entire period of chemoradiation	NCT02516501	Chemoradiation			Recruiting
	Low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diet before surgery	NCT02744079	Surgery	Breast ER+ cancer	Pilot presurgical study	Recruiting
	Modified Atkins diet	NCT02768389	Bevacizumab	Glioblastoma	Early Phase 1	Active, not recruiting
	KD	NCT02939378	Salvage chemotherapy	Recurrent glioblastoma	Phase 1/2	Unknown
	KD	NCT02983942	Methotrexate	Primary central nervous system lymphoma	Phase 1/2	Not yet recruiting
	Modified KD or medium-chain triglyceride KD for 12 weeks	NCT03075514	Chemo- and/or radiotherapy	Glioblastoma	Pilot study	Active, not recruiting
	Restricted calorie KD	NCT03160599	No	Glioblastoma multiforme		Recruiting
	KD for 12 weeks	NCT03171506	No	Ovarian and endometrial cancer		Completed
	KD for 8 weeks	NCT03194516	No	Prostate cancer		Enrolling by invitation
	Modified Atkins KD	NCT03278249	Temozolomide and radiation	Malignant glioma		Recruiting
	KD for 7 days before surgery	NCT03285152	Surgery	Endometrial cancer		Recruiting
	KD for at least 1 year	NCT03328858	No	Brain tumors		Recruiting
	KD for 16 weeks througout chemoradiation treatment	NCT03451799	Radiation and temozolomide	Glioblastoma	Phase 1	Recruiting
	KD for 3 months	NCT03535701	Paclitaxel	Stage IV breast cancer		Recruiting
	Low-carbohydrate high-fat ketogenic-type diet vs low-fat high low-glycemic carbohydrates diet	NCT03785808	No	Lung cancer		Recruiting
Specific low-nutrient	Low-fat high-fiber diet	NCT00003367	No	Prostate cancer	Phase 3	Completed
	Low-fat high-fiber diet for 3 weeks	NCT00020995	No	Prostate cancer	Phase 2	Completed
	Low-fat high-fiber diet	NCT00082732	No	Hormone-refractory prostate cancer	Phase 1
	Very low-carbohydrate diet for 28 days	NCT00444054	No	Advanced cancer	Pilot study	Completed
	Low-fiber vs high-fiber diet	NCT01170299	Radiation	Gynecological, bladder, colorectal, or anal cancer		Completed
	Protein-restrictive diet	NCT01692587	No	Prostate cancer		Completed
	Low-calorie diet from 3 days before to 2 days after the 12 weeks of chemotherapy	NCT01802346	Chemotherapy	Breast, hormone-resistant, and recurrent prostate cancer	Phase 2	Recruiting
	Carbohydrate-restricted diet	NCT02019979	Metformin with platinum-based chemotherapy	Non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer	Phase 2	Terminated, has results
	Low- or medium-glycemic diet for 12 weeks	NCT02129218	No	Colon cancer	Pilot study	Completed
	Low-fat omega-3 supplement diet for one year	NCT02176902	No	Prostate cancer	Phase 2	Recruiting
	Vegetarian vs vegan diets for 6 months	NCT02437474	Prescribed therapy	Any cancer type	Pilot study	Completed
	Very low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet	NCT03221920	No	Colorectal adenocarcinoma		Not yet recruiting
	Low protein diet from 1 week before to 10 days after treatment	NCT03329742	Sipuleucel-T	Metastatic castrate-resistant pancreatic cancer		Recruiting
	Carbohydrate restricted diet for 6 months	NCT03679260	No	Prostate cancer	Phase 2	Recruiting