Quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: the role of positive psychological factors

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive statistics for sociodemographic and clinical variables.

	n	%	M	SD	Range
IBD diagnosis
Crohn’s disease	47	67.1
Ulcerative Colitis	21	30.0
Undefined	2	2.9
Age	70		43.37	12.81	18–73
Gender
Female	50	71.4
Male	20	28.6
Marital status
Single	27	38.6
Married	35	50.0
Divorced	8	11.4
Education (years)	70		15.16	3.51	7–25
Disease duration (months)missing	68		163.78	128.15	2–500
Missing treatment	2
Treatment
Surgery	19	27.1
No surgery	51	72.9

Note: IBD: inflammatory bowel disease.

Table 2. Descriptive statistics for positive psychological variables under study.

	N	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	SD
Body acceptance	70	1.40	5.00	3.73	0.72
Body appreciation	70	1.60	5.00	3.79	0.84
Meaning in life	70	16.00	35.00	27.23	4.65
Anxiety (AF)	70	1.17	4.83	2.37	0.79
Comfort (AF)	70	1.83	4.50	3.43	0.55
Trust (AF)	70	1.67	4.00	3.11	0.53
Overall QoL	70	12.50	100.00	64.82	17.33
Physical QoL	70	25.00	96.43	65.92	16.81
Psychological QoL	70	20.83	95.83	71.37	15.41
Social QoL	70	00.00	100.00	63.81	19.03
Environment QoL	70	28.13	100.00	69.78	13.16

Note: AF: attachment factor; QoL: quality of life.

Table 3. Comparison of participants diagnosed with Crohn’s Disease and participants diagnosed with Ulcerative Colitis on QoL scores.

QoL	Crohn’s disease (n = 47)		Ulcerative Colitis (n = 21)
	M	SD	M	SD	t	df	p	Cohen’s d
Physical	67.86	16.28	62.42	18.30	−1.23	66	.23	−.32
Psychological	72.52	15.36	68.25	15.78	−1.05	66	.30	−.28
Social	65.78	18.33	61.51	18.72	-.88	66	.38	−.23
Environment	71.34	12.69	66.22	12.91	−1.53	66	.13	−.40

Note: QoL: quality of life.

Table 4. Comparison of female and male participants on QoL scores.

QoL	Female (n = 48)		Male (n = 20)
	M	SD	M	SD	t	df	p	Cohen’s d
Physical	67.43	15.70	62.14	19.23	1.19	68	.24	.32
Psychological	70.58	15.86	73.33	14.40	−.67	68	.50	−.18
Social	62.67	18.38	62.67	20.77	−.79	68	.43	−.21
Environment	69.75	14.36	69.84	9.84	−.03	68	.98	−.01

Note: QoL: quality of life.

Table 5. Comparison of participants submitted to surgery and participants who were not submitted to surgery on QoL scores.

QoL		No surgery (n = 51)		Surgery (n = 19)
	M	SD	M	SD	T	df	p	Cohen’s d
Physical	65.34	17.66	67.48	14.62	−.47	68	.64	−.13
Psychological	69.93	15.71	75.22	14.26	−1.28	68	.20	−.35
Social	63.07	19.60	65.80	17.76	−.53	68	.60	−.14
Environment	69.55	13.85	70.39	11.43	−.24	68	.81	−.06

Note: QoL: quality of life.

Table 6. Correlations between independent variables and the QoL domains.

	Physical QoL	Psychological QoL	Social QoL	Environment QoL
Meaning in life	.40**	.69**	.45**	.45**
Body appreciation	.61**	.68**	.38**	.60**
Body acceptance	.53**	.22	.35**	.43**
Anxiety (AF)	−.31**	−.45**	−.37**	−.19
Comfort (AF)	.29*	.36**	.29*	.27*
Trust (AF)	.44**	.38**	.34**	.34**
Age	.06	.17	−.02	.93
Education	.17	.28*	.20	.32**
Disease duration	.18	.13	−.02	.26*

Note: QoL: quality of life; AF: attachment factor; *p < .05; **p < .01.

Table 7. Multiple regression models for QoL.

Regression model	β	t	p	Adjusted R^2	df	F	p
Physical QoL				.431	65	14.04	.00
Body appreciation	.39	3.08	.00
Body acceptance	.26	2.41	.02
Meaning in life	.02	.17	.86
Trust (AF)	.18	1.81	.08
Psychological QoL				.578	65	24.62	.00
Body appreciation	.36	3.48	.00
Meaning in life	.43	4.41	.00
Trust (AF)	.04	.39	.70
Anxiety (AF)	−.10	−.97	.34
Social QoL				.232	65	6.20	.00
Body appreciation	.01	.09	.93
Body acceptance	.18	1.47	.15
Anxiety (AF)	−.19	−1.60	.11
Meaning in life	.30	2.31	.02
Environment QoL (model 1)				.368	65	11.06	.00
Body appreciation	.41	3.12	.00
Body acceptance	.13	1.18	.24
Trust (AF)	.08	.74	.46
Meaning in Life	.15	1.27	.21
Environment QoL (model 2)				.437	67	18.30	.00
Body appreciation	.56	6.06	.00
Education	.24	2.58	.01
Disease duration	.19	2.02	.05

Note: QoL: quality of life; AF: attachment factor.