Psychosocial challenges and coping strategies among people with minority gender and sexual identities in Zambia: health promotion and human rights implications

Figures & data

Figure 1. Minority stress process in LGBT populations (adapted from Meyer, 2003).

Table 1. Participant characteristics.

Characteristic	n
Age (Mean, SD), years	27.7 (6.5)
Sexual/Gender identity
Lesbian	4
Gay	5
Bisexual (m)	2
Bisexual (f)	1
Transgender man	2
Transgender woman	2

Table 2. Key informants.

Key Informant	Position	Responsibilities
KI 01	Key population advisor	HIV programing for key populations
KI 02	National project officer	Project management and advocacy
KI 03	Outreach officer	Community outreach activities
KI 04	Director	Project management

Table 3. Themes and sub-themes.

	Major themes	Subthemes	Illustrative core idea	Frequency
Psychosocial Challenges		Feeling of depression	Experiencing sadness/depression/suicidal ideation/attempts	12
		Stigma and discrimination	Experiencing stigma and discrimination due to being a sexual/gender minority	12
		Rejection	Experiencing rejection from family/friends due to sexual orientation/gender identity	9
		Victimization	Any reference to experiencing terror /violence or threat of violence owing to being a sexual/gender minority	9
	Coping strategies	Music	Listening to music; creating music	8
		Substance use	Alcohol; smoking to reduce the feeling of stress	6
		Self-concealment	Hiding sexual or gender identity from others	7
		Social support	Any reference to having a network of people to turn to in times of need	10

Meyer, H. L. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674–697. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674

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