Comparative assessment of immunization coverage of migrant children between national immunization program vaccines and non-national immunization program vaccines in East China

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of migrant children aged 1–4 y and their family, based on face to face interview in Yiwu, 2014

Characteristics of children(N = 423)		n	%		Characteristics of mothers or family(N = 423)		n	%
Gender					Mother's age
	Male	220	52.0			< 30 years	186	44.0
	Female	203	48.0			≥ 30 years	237	56.0
Born status					Mother's education level^#
	Preterm	40	9.5			≥ Senior middle school	154	36.4
	Full term	383	90.5			≤ Junior middle school	269	63.6
Siblings					Mother's occupation status
	1	167	39.5			Housewife	266	62.9
	≥ 2	256	60.5			Working	157	37.1
Breast milk feeding					Family income per month($)
	Yes	270	63.8			≤ 500	261	61.7
	No	153	36.2			> 500	162	38.3
Attendance of daycare center					Mother's awareness of importance of vaccination
	Yes	107	25.3			Yes	298	70.4
	No	316	74.7			No	125	29.6
Duration of living in surveyed areas					Mother's satisfaction with vaccination service
	1–6 months	199	47.0			Yes	343	81.1
	≥ 6months	224	53.0			No	80	18.9

^#: we defined ‘≥ Senior middle school’ as ‘having ≥ 10 academic years’ and defined ‘≤ Junior middle school’ as ‘having ≤ 9 academic years’

Table 2. Estimated vaccination coverage among migrant children aged 1–4 y by selected vaccines and doses, based on face to face interview in Yiwu, 2014

	Vaccination coverage
Vaccines(doses)	Immunized [No. (%)]	Not-immunized [No. (%)]
Vaccines(doses) given at ≤ 12 m(N=423)*
NIP vaccines
BCG	423(100.0)	0(0.0)
Hep B ≥ 3	421(99.5)	2(0.5)
OPV ≥ 3	422(99.8)	1(0.2)
DTP ≥ 3	415(98.1)	8(1.9)
MCV ≥ 1	423(100.0)	0(0.0)
JEV ≥ 1	416(98.4)	7(1.6)
Total doses of NIP vaccines
Non-NIP vaccines
Hib ≥ 3	44(10.4)	379(89.6)
ORV ≥ 1	117(27.7)	306(72.3)
PCV7 ≥ 3	0(0.0)	423(100.0)
Vaccines(doses) given at ≤ 24 m(N=214)*
NIP vaccines
DTP ≥ 4	201(93.9)	13(6.1)
MCV ≥ 2	206(96.3)	8(3.7)
Hep A	203(94.9)	11(5.1)
MPV-a ≥ 2	204(95.3)	10(4.7)
Non-NIP vaccines
VarV	160(74.8)	54(25.2)
Hib ≥ 4	12(5.6)	202(94.4)
ORV ≥ 2	14(6.5)	200(93.5)
PCV7 ≥ 4	0(0.0)	214(100.0)
Vaccines(doses) given at ≤ 36 m(N=66)*
NIP vaccines
JEV ≥ 2	58(87.9)	8(12.1)
Non-NIP vaccines
ORV ≥ 3	3(4.5)	63(95.5)

*Denominator for ‘Vaccines(doses) given at ≤ 12 m’ include children aged 1–4 years(N = 423); ‘Vaccines(doses) given at ≤ 24 m’ include children aged 2–4 years(N = 214); ‘Vaccines(doses) given at ≤ 36 m’ include children aged 3–4 months(N = 66).

Figure 1. Trends in primary series immunization coverage of migrant children for se­lected vaccines(doses), by birth cohorts(born from 1 June 2010 to 31 May 2013),based on face to face interview in Yiwu, 2014(N=423).PCV7 was excluded from the analysis due to the coverage of PCV7 was zero across all the 3 birth cohorts.

Table 3. Determinants associated with coverage of Non-NIP vaccines among migrant children aged 1-4 years, based on face to face interview in Yiwu, 2014

	Hib(N=423)			ORV(N=423)			VarV(N=214)
	COR(95% CI)	AOR(95% CI)		COR(95% CI)	AOR(95% CI)		COR(95% CI)	AOR(95% CI)
Characteristics of children
Gender
Male	1.2(0.6-2.2)	N.A.		1.2 (0.8-1.9)	N.A.		1.5(0.9-3.3)	N.A.
Female	1.0			1.0			1.0
Born status
Preterm	0.7(0.5-0.9)	1.3 (0.6-2.2)		0.8(0.5-2.8)	N.A.		0.6(0.2-0.8)	1.2(0.8-3.8)
Full term	1.0	1.0		1.0			1.0	1.0
Siblings
1	1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0
≥ 2	0.6(0.4-0.8)	0.4(0.2-0.7)		0.5(0.3-0.8)	0.6(0.2-0.9)		0.7(0.5-0.9)	0.4(0.2-0.8)
Breast milk feeding
Yes	1.3(0.6-3.2)	N.A.		1.4(0.7-4.2)	N.A.		1.5(1.1-5.6)	1.3(0.8-4.4)
No	1.0			1.0			1.0	1.0
Attendance of daycare center
Yes	1.0(0.7-2.4)	N.A.		1.2(0.6-2.2)	N.A.		1.3(0.6-4.8)	N.A.
No	1.0			1.0			1.0	1.0
Duration of living in surveyed areas
1-6 months	1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0
≥ 6months	2.2(1.6-3.4)	1.9(1.3-5.8)		1.3(1.0-2.4)	1.6(1.1-4.4)		1.6(1.2-2.5)	1.9(1.7-17.4)
Characteristics of mothers or family
Mother's age
< 30 years	1.1(0.8-2.4)	N.A.		1.4(1.2-2.9)	1.0(0.7-1.6)		1.3(1.1-6.6)	1.1(0.9-2.2)
≥ 30 years	1.0			1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0
Mother's education level
≥ Senior middle school	1.0			1.0			1.0	1.0
≤ Junior middle school	0.7(0.5-1.7)	N.A.		0.8(0.5-2.7)	N.A.		0.7(0.5-0.8)	0.6(0.2-0.8)
Mother's occupation status
Housewife	1.0			1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0
Working	0.7(0.4-2.3)	N.A.		0.8(0.7-0.9)	0.6(0.3-0.8)		0.7(0.3-0.9)	0.9(0.7-1.5)
Family income per month($)
≤ 500	1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0
> 500	2.6(1.3-4.3)	2.2(1.4-6.3)		3.6(2.2-7.1)	2.6(1.5-6.3)		2.3(1.5-6.7)	3.6(1.7-10.4)
Mother's awareness of importance of vaccination
Yes	1.4(0.7-2.3)	N.A.		1.3(1.1-2.9)	1.7(1.2-4.9)		1.8(1.4-5.7)	1.6(1.2-3.5)
No	1.0			1.0	1.0		1.0	1.0
Mother's satisfaction with vaccination service
Yes	0.9(0.6-2.6)	N.A.		1.2(0.8-3.2)	N.A.		1.1(0.6-4.0)	N.A.
No	1.0			1.0			1.0

*3 doses for Hib, ≥ 1 dose for ORV and VarV; PCV7 was excluded from the analysis due to the coverage of PCV7 was zero across all the three birth cohorts;

^# Denominator for VarV was children born from 1 June 2010 to 31 May 2012;

^§ Significantly lower or higher coverage than the comparing group in the univariate analysis(P < 0.1) and the crude OR presented;

^¶ Significantly lower or higher coverage than the comparing group in the single-level logistic regression analysis(P < 0.05) and the adjust OR presented; CI: confidence interval; COR: crude odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; N.A.:not significant in the univariate analysis.

Table 4. Recommended immunization schedule of NIP vaccines and partial non-NIP vaccines for children aged <7 years in Yiwu

	Age
Vaccines	Birth	1 m	2 m	3 m	4 m	5 m	6 m	8 m	13m	18m	24m	3y	4y	6y
BCG	Dose1
Hep B	Dose1	Dose2					Dose3
OPV			Dose1	Dose2	Dose3								Dose4
DTP				Dose1	Dose2	Dose3				Dose4
MCV								Dose1		Dose2
Hep A										Dose1
JEV								Dose1			Dose2
MPV-a							2 doses with an interval of 3 m
MPV-ac												Dose1		Dose2
DT														Dose1
Hib			Dose1		Dose2		Dose3			Dose4
PCV7				Dose1	Dose2	Dose3			Dose4
ORV			Dose1								Dose2	Dose3
VarV									Dose1

* the 1^st dose of MCV use Measles-rubella combined live attenuated vaccine and the 2^nd dose of MCV use Measles-mumps combined live attenuated vaccine.

^# 2 doses of MPV are scheduled from 6-18 months of age with an interval ≥3 months.