Antibody response to revaccination among adult non-responders to primary Hepatitis B vaccination in China

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the adult non-responders receiving different vaccines in revaccination

	HepB-SC group, n(%)N = 118	HepB-CHO group, n (%) N = 133	P value
Age (years)			0.33
18–29	6(5.08)	11(8.27)
30–39	26(22.03)	36(27.08)
40–49	86(72.88)	86(64.66)
Gender			0.86
Male	59(50.00)	65(48.87)
Female	59(50.00)	68(51.13)
BMI
Normal	45(38.14)	41(30.83)	0.02
Overweighed	46(38.98)	74(55.64)
Obese	27(22.88)	18(13.53)
HepB type for primary vaccination		0.78
10 μg/ml HepB-SC	25(21.19)	34(25.56)
10 μg/ml HepB-HP	30(25.42)	35(26.32)
20 μg/ml HepB-SC	32(27.12)	30(22.56)
20 μg/ml HepB-CHO	31(26.27)	34(25.56)
Anti-HBs titer after primary vaccination
Low (<2.0 mIU/ml)	65(55.08)	78(56.85)	0.80
High (≥2.0 mIU/ml)	50(42.37)	56(42.10)

Table 2. Anti-HBs seroconversion rate after the first and the third revaccination dose among adult non-responders to primary HepB vaccination

		After the first revaccination dose		After the third revaccination dose
	Number of participants	% (95%CI)	P value	% (95%CI)	P value	1st vs. 3rd doseP value
Overall	251	54.98(48.60–61.24)	NA	89.24(84.74–92.79)	NA	<0.001
Age in years			0.45		0.45
18–29	17	58.82(32.92–81.56)		88.23(63.56–98.54)	0.07
30–39	62	61.29(48.06–73.40)		93.55(84.30–98.21)		0.009
40–49	172	52.32(44.59–59.99)		87.79(81.94–92.28)		<0.001
Gender			0.29		0.89
Male	124	51.61(42.47–60.68)		89.52(82.74–94.30)		0.001
Female	127	58.27(49.19–66.95)		88.98(82.20–93.84)		<0.001
BMI			0.49		0.24
Normal	86	50.00(39.02–60.98)		93.02(85.43–97.40)		0.01
Overweighted	120	58.33(48.98–67.26)		85.83(78.29–91.53)		<0.001
Obese	45	55.56(40.00–70.36)		91.11(78.78–97.52)		0.02
Vaccine received in revaccination	0.12		0.59
HepB-SC	118	60.17(50.75–69.07)		88.14 (80.90–93.36)		<0.001
HepB-CHO	133	50.38(41.58–59.16)		90.22 (83.87–94.69)		<0.001
Anti-HBs titer after primary immunization	<0.001		0.003
Low(<2.0 mIU/ml)	146	38.36(30.44–46.76)		84.25(77.31–89.74)		<0.001
High(≥2.0IU/ml)	105	78.10(68.97–85.58)		96.19(90.53–98.95)		<0.001

NA: Not applicable.

Table 3. Anti-HBs titer after the first and the third revaccination dose among adult non-responders to primary HepB vaccination

		After the first revaccination dose		After the third revaccination dose
	Number of participants	mIU/ml (95%CI)	P value	mIU/ml (95%CI)	P value	1st vs. 3rd doseP value
Overall	251	12.18(7.81–18.98)		208.31(148.87–291.47)	0.008
Age in years			0.06		0.41
18–29	17	25.57(5.09–128.39)		275.50(91.15–832.70)		<0.0001
30–39	62	27.29(10.72–69.49)		296.87(143.49–614.19)		<0.0001
40–49	172	8.46(4.97–14.38)		178.34(118.94–267.39)		<0.0001
Gender			0.24		0.64
Male	124	9.32(5.10–17.04)		192.40(124.03–298.47)		<0.0001
Female	127	15.79(8.21–30.40)		225.11(134.83–375.84)		<0.0001
BMI			0.93		0.70
Normal	86	12.06(6.08–23.94)		238.60(137.06–415.36)		<0.0001
Overweighted	120	11.46(5.64–23.31)		179.15(106.99–299.99)		<0.0001
Obese	45	14.54(5.40–39.20)		240.25(111.94–515.60)		<0.0001
Vaccine received in revaccination	0.26		0.01
HepB-SC	118	15.99(9.31–27.45)		131.46(78.59–219.91)		<0.0001
HepB-CHO	133	9.56(4.79–19.07)		313.38(202.97–483.86)		<0.0001
Anti-HBs titer after primary immunization	<0.0001		0.01
Low (<2.0 mIU/ml)	146	3.32(1.81–6.08)		145.73(88.00–241.34)		<0.0001
High (≥2.0 mIU/ml)	105	74.21(46.49–118.45)		342.34(234.02–500.81)		<0.0001

NA: Not applicable.

Table 4. Multivariable analyses on factors associated with seroconversion and antibody titer of anti-HBs after 3 doses of revaccination among adult non-responders

	Seroconversion rate		Antibody titer
Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value	β value (95%CI)	P value
Age (years)
18–29	Reference		Reference
30–39	2.03(0.32–12.96)	0.45	0.02(−0.60–0.64)	0.95
40–49	1.17(0.23–5.91)	0.85	−0.13(−0.71–0.45)	0.67
Gender
Male	Reference		Reference
Female	0.77(0.33–1.84)	0.56	0.04(−0.27–0.31)	0.90
BMI
Normal	Reference		Reference
Overweighed	0.39(0.14–1.08)	0.07	−0.19(−0.51–0.14)	0.26
Obese	0.74(0.19–2.89)	0.67	0.02(−0.40–0.44)	0.92
Anti-HBs titer after primary vaccination
Low (<2.0 mIU/ml)	Reference		Reference
High (≥2.0 mIU/ml)	5.39(1.75–16.61)	0.003	0.44 (0.14–0.73)	0.004
HepB received in revaccination
HepB-SC	Reference		Reference
HepB-CHO	1.82(0.77–4.30)	0.17	0.47 (0.18–0.77)	0.002

Figure 1. Procedure of screening for non-responders.