Comparison of HPV prevalence between HPV-vaccinated and non-vaccinated young adult women (20–26 years)

Figures & data

Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of US young adult women by vaccination status (N = 878)

	N (%)^a
				Vaccination Rate
	Vaccinated	Unvaccinated	p Value^b	% (95% CI)
Total	177 (100)	701 (100)		21.4 (17.3–25.4)
Race/Ethnicity			0.007
Non-Hispanic White	70 (66.0)	235 (55.6)		24.4 (18.4–30.4)
Non-Hispanic Black	48 (13.8)	169 (15.2)		19.7 (13.9–25.5)
Mexican American	12 (3.9)	149 (12.8)		7.7 (3.1–12.3)
Other	47 (16.3)	148 (16.3)		21.3 (14.4–28.2)
Marital Status			0.001
Unmarried	144 (79.0)	432 (59.6)		26.5 (21.1–31.9)
Married	33 (21.0)	269 (40.4)		12.4 (7.5–17.3)
Education Level			0.005
< High School	17 (6.7)	126 (14.2)		11.5 (5.1–17.8)
High School	25 (12.5)	171 (22.7)		13.0 (6.8–19.3)
> High School	135 (80.8)	404 (63.1)		25.8 (20.3–31.3)
Poverty Income Ratio			0.45
≥1	109 (69.8)	398 (64.4)		22.7 (17.8–27.7)
<1	56 (26.7)	244 (29.5)		19.7 (12.8–26.7)
Missing	12	59
Smoking Status			0.47
Never	134 (71.9)	495 (69.6)		21.9 (16.1–27.8)
Past	15 (11.3)	46 (8.2)		27.2 (14.3–40.2)
Current	28 (16.8)	160 (22.2)		17.0 (8.5–25.6)
Sexually Transmitted Infection		0.58
No	141 (80.2)	560 (82.4)		20.9 (16.2–25.6)
Yes	36 (19.8)	141 (17.6)		23.5 (15.8–31.1)
Lifetime Sex Partners			0.39
≤2	59 (30.9)	271 (35.4)		19.2 (13.3–25.0)
≥3	118 (69.1)	430 (64.6)		22.5 (17.3–27.7)
Sex Partners in the Past 12 Months		0.23
≤1	118 (67.5)	518 (73.8)		19.9 (15.2–24.6)
≥2	59 (32.5)	183 (26.2)		25.2 (17.7–32.7)

CI: confidence interval.

^a Sample weights were used to calculate weighted percentages.

^b p value was derived from Wald χ²test.

Figure 1. Prevalence of individual human papillomavirus (HPV) types among young adult women (20–26 years) by vaccination status. Prevalence was weighted using sample weights. * Statistical significance for the comparison between vaccinated women and unvaccinated women, after adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, income, smoking status, sexually transmitted infections, number of lifetime sexual partners, and number of sexual partners in the past 12 months.

Table 2. Type-specific HPV prevalence among US adult women by HPV vaccination status

	Prevalence (95% CI)^a			Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) Vaccinated vs. Unvaccinated
	Vaccinated (n = 177)	Unvaccinated (n = 701)	Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)	Model 1^b	Model 2^c
Any HPV Type	63.3 (55.2–71.4)	54.9 (50.0–59.8)	1.15 (0.99–1.34)	1.15 (0.98–1.34)	1.11 (0.96–1.29)
Low-Risk Type	39.1 (31.1–47.2)	39.3 (33.7–45.0)	0.99 (0.78–1.27)	0.97 (0.76–1.24)	0.93 (0.74–1.18)
High-Risk Type	53.4 (43.8–63.0)	44.4 (39.6–49.1)	1.20 (0.99–1.46)	1.15 (0.95–1.40)	1.11 (0.93–1.33)
HPV 6, 11, 16 or 18	7.4 (2.1–12.7)	17.1 (13.9–20.3)	0.43 (0.21–0.88)	0.41 (0.21–0.84)	0.41 (0.20–0.82)
HPV 6 or 11	0.3 (0.0–0.8)	4.4 (2.8–6.0)	0.07 (0.01–0.45)	0.07 (0.01–0.55)	0.07 (0.01–0.54)
HPV 16 or 18	7.1 (1.7–12.5)	13.9 (10.9–17.0)	0.51 (0.24–1.10)	0.47 (0.22–1.00)	0.46 (0.22–0.98)
Nonvaccine Type	62.4 (54.3–70.5)	52.8 (47.8–57.8)	1.18 (1.02–1.37)	1.17 (1.00–1.37)	1.14 (0.99–1.31)
Nonvaccine Low-Risk Type	38.8 (30.8–46.9)	37.5 (31.8–43.2)	1.04 (0.80–1.34)	1.00 (0.77–1.30)	0.96 (0.75–1.23)
Nonvaccine High-Risk Type	52.1 (42.5–61.8)	40.4 (35.9–44.9)	1.29 (1.06–1.57)	1.23 (1.02–1.50)	1.19 (0.99–1.43)

CI: confidence interval.

^a Prevalence was weighted using sample weights.

^b Model 1 was adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, income, smoking status, and marital status.

^c Model 2 was adjusted for variables in Model 1 plus sexually transmitted diseases and number of lifetime sexual partners, and number of sexual partners in the past 12 months.

Table 3. Prevalence of HPV vaccine types among US adult women by HPV vaccination status and sociodemographic characteristics (N = 878)

	Prevalence (95% CI)^a
			Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)
	Vaccinated (n =177)	Unvaccinated (n = 701)	Vaccinated vs. Unvaccinated
Total	7.4 (2.1–12.7)	17.1 (13.9–20.3)	0.43(0.21–0.88)
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White	7.2 (0.0–15.0)	15.7 (11.4–20.0)	0.46(0.16–1.33)
Non-Hispanic Black	8.9 (0.5–17.3)	21.5 (14.0–29.0)	0.41(0.16–1.08)
Mexican American	4.5 (0.0–13.9)	10.8 (3.4–18.2)	0.42(0.05–3.46)
Other	7.5 (0.3–14.7)	22.5 (13.2–31.9)	0.33(0.12–0.95)
Marital Status
Unmarried	8.0 (1.1–15.0)	20.1 (16.1–24.2)	0.40(0.17–0.94)
Married	4.9 (0.0–10.2)	12.6 (7.7–17.4)	0.39(0.13–1.19)
Education Level
< High School	5.1 (0.0–15.4)	19.6 (10.9–28.2)	0.26(0.04–1.58)
High School	6.8 (0.0–14.7)	21.8 (12.6–31.0)	0.31(0.10–0.97)
> High School	7.7 (1.1–14.2)	14.8 (11.1–18.6)	0.52(0.21–1.27)
Poverty Income Ratio
≥1	8.0 (0.7–15.2)	15.2 (10.7–19.6)	0.53(0.21–1.34)
<1	3.2 (0.0–7.2)	20.0 (13.7–26.2)	0.16(0.04–0.58)
Smoking Status
Never	7.1 (1.0–13.2)	15.4 (11.5–19.2)	0.46(0.19–1.11)
Past	5.5 (0.0–13.0)	19.9 (5.3–34.4)	0.28(0.05–1.52)
Current	9.8 (0.0–27.3)	21.4 (14.5–28.3)	0.46(0.08–2.59)
Sexually Transmitted Infections
No	8.8 (2.2–15.4)	15.4 (11.7–19.0)	0.57(0.27–1.21)
Yes	1.8 (0.0–5.3)	25.0 (17.4–32.6)	0.07(0.01–0.51)
Lifetime Sex Partners
≤2	6.0 (0.0–13.4)	6.5 (3.2–9.7)	0.93(0.25–3.43)
≥3	8.0 (1.2–14.8)	22.9 (18.4–27.4)	0.35(0.15–0.82)
Sex Partners in the Past 12 Months
≤1	7.3 (1.1–13.5)	11.7 (8.5–14.9)	0.63(0.27–1.47)
≥2	7.5 (0.0–17.3)	32.3 (24.8–39.8)	0.23(0.06–0.84)

CI: confidence interval.

^a Prevalence was estimated for the prevalence of vaccine types (HPV 6, 11, 16 or 18). Prevalence was weighted using sample weights.

Table 4. Prevalence of nonvaccine high-risk types among US adult women by characteristics and HPV vaccination status

	Prevalence (95% CI)^a
			Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)
	Vaccinated (n = 177)	Unvaccinated (n = 701)	Vaccinated vs. Unvaccinated
All	52.1 (42.5–61.8)	40.4 (35.9–44.9)	1.29(1.06–1.57)
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White	55.2 (41.6–68.8)	39.4 (32.9–45.9)	1.40(1.05–1.86)
Non-Hispanic Black	67.6 (54.8–80.4)	50.5 (43.8–57.3)	1.34(1.10–1.63)
Mexican American	39.5 (8.8–70.1)	33.2 (26.0–40.4)	1.19(0.52–2.71)
Other	29.5 (16.2–42.7)	40.0 (30.7–49.4)	0.74(0.46–1.18)
Marital Status
Unmarried	55.1 (46.1–64.2)	45.8 (40.3–51.4)	1.20(0.99–1.46)
Married	40.8 (20.9–60.7)	32.4 (25.4–39.3)	1.26(0.79–2.02)
Education Level
< High School	62.3 (33.0–91.6)	46.0 (36.5–55.4)	1.36(0.85–2.17)
High School	36.2 (12.6–59.9)	43.1 (34.3–52.0)	0.84(0.43–1.66)
> High School	53.7 (42.3–65.2)	38.2 (31.6–44.7)	1.41(1.11–1.78)
Poverty Income Ratio
≥1	49.4 (37.3–61.5)	37.2 (30.6–43.7)	1.33(1.00–1.76)
<1	56.4 (43.9–68.9)	46.4 (39.0–53.8)	1.22(0.95–1.56)
Smoking Status
Never	45.4 (32.8–58.1)	36.2 (31.1–41.3)	1.26(0.95–1.67)
Past	83.8 (69.6–98.1)	43.4 (28.5–58.2)	1.93(1.29–2.90)
Current	59.4 (36.3–82.5)	52.6 (42.2–63.0)	1.13(0.73–1.75)
Sexually Transmitted Infections
No	47.3 (37.2–57.4)	35.5 (31.1–39.8)	1.33(1.08–1.65)
Yes	71.6 (52.6–90.7)	63.6 (53.8–73.3)	1.13(0.82–1.54)
Lifetime Sex Partners
≤2	25.8 (13.3–38.4)	22.4 (15.7–29.0)	1.15(0.68–1.96)
≥3	63.9 (51.9–75.8)	50.3 (44.9–55.7)	1.27(1.04–1.55)
Sex Partners in the Past 12 Months
≤1	41.1 (30.2–52.1)	31.7 (26.7–36.7)	1.30(0.98–1.72)
≥2	74.9 (62.1–87.7)	64.9 (56.0–73.9)	1.15(0.93–1.43)

CI: confidence interval.

^a Prevalence was estimated for high-risk nonvaccine types. Prevalence was weighted using sample weights.