Figures & data
Figure 1. Schematic showing FUS-induced BBB opening with its potential effect in CNS immune modulation and immunotherapy.
![Figure 1. Schematic showing FUS-induced BBB opening with its potential effect in CNS immune modulation and immunotherapy.](/cms/asset/1449881b-ef4a-4cfd-a94f-0f0851feb0af/khvi_a_1071749_f0001_oc.gif)
Figure 2. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) immunofluorescence, neuronal nuclei (NeuN), and HE staining in the contralateral (A, B, C) and in the FUS-BBB opened brain (D, E, F). Neuron distributions (nuclei stained by NeuN; B and E) appeared similar on both sides of the brain, but concentrations of activated glial cells (stained by GFAP; A and D) were increased in the experimental lateral brain. HE-staining (C and F) showed that the tissue structure was not severely damaged by FUS treatment. Bar = 200 μm.
![Figure 2. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) immunofluorescence, neuronal nuclei (NeuN), and HE staining in the contralateral (A, B, C) and in the FUS-BBB opened brain (D, E, F). Neuron distributions (nuclei stained by NeuN; B and E) appeared similar on both sides of the brain, but concentrations of activated glial cells (stained by GFAP; A and D) were increased in the experimental lateral brain. HE-staining (C and F) showed that the tissue structure was not severely damaged by FUS treatment. Bar = 200 μm.](/cms/asset/b075561e-1a92-444d-9237-3383d6115a3b/khvi_a_1071749_f0002_oc.gif)
Figure 3. Representative fluorescent IHC analysis shows lymphocyte infiltration in the brain tumor and the corresponding lymphocyte population changes (particularly Treg and CTL populations). (A) Untreated brain tumor; (B) brain tumor treated with FUS-induced BBB opening; (C) brain tumor treated by IP IL-12 administration; (D) combined FUS with IL-12 administration, showing the enriched CTL infiltration and CTL/Treg ratio increase. Green: CD4+CD25+ lymphocytes (Treg); Red: CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes (CTL); Blue: DAPI-stained cell nucleus. Bar = 50 μm.
![Figure 3. Representative fluorescent IHC analysis shows lymphocyte infiltration in the brain tumor and the corresponding lymphocyte population changes (particularly Treg and CTL populations). (A) Untreated brain tumor; (B) brain tumor treated with FUS-induced BBB opening; (C) brain tumor treated by IP IL-12 administration; (D) combined FUS with IL-12 administration, showing the enriched CTL infiltration and CTL/Treg ratio increase. Green: CD4+CD25+ lymphocytes (Treg); Red: CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes (CTL); Blue: DAPI-stained cell nucleus. Bar = 50 μm.](/cms/asset/aed20ed6-bc9e-4e86-8dda-a0fcaa79c919/khvi_a_1071749_f0003_oc.gif)