Vaccination against Lyme disease: Are we ready for it?

Figures & data

Table 1. Predominant B. Burgdorferi s.l. spp., Ixodes tick spp and reservoir host animals in USA and Europe.

		Borrelia spp.	Ixodes spp tick	Reservoir host animal
USA^7	northeast, north central	B. burgdorferi s.s.	I. scapularis	white-footed mice; eastern chipmunks
	western	B. bissettii	I. pacificus	probably small mammals, such as rodents
Europe^7		B. garinii, B. afzelii, B. burgdorferi s.s.., B. valaisiana and B. spielmanii	I. ricinus	large variety of hosts including birds, rodents and other small-to-medium-sized mammals

Table 2. Incidence of Lyme disease by region in USA and Europe

Location	Period	Lyme disease number (incidence) per year	Reference
USA	2013	Reported cases to CDC: 30,000 (9 per 100,000) Estimated cases by CDC: 300,000 (94 per 100,000)	^Citation13
Europe Central Europe Southern Europe Western Europe	2005 2005 2005 2007–8 2005 2010 2005 2005	Reported cases: 85,000 206^* per 100,000 (Slovenia) 135^** per 100,000 (Austria) 261 per 100,000 (Germany) <1 per 100,000 (Portugal and Italy) 132^*** per 100,000 (The Netherlands) 16 per 100,000 (Belgium) 1 per 100,000 (England and Wales)	^12 ^15 ^15 ^14 ^15 ^16 ^15 ^15

Methods used to acquire data differ per country, and are not always described.

* estimate based on laboratory reports;

** estimate based on physician survey;

*** defined as occurence of erythema

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