Factors associated with 30-day mortality in elderly inpatients with community acquired pneumonia during 2 influenza seasons

Figures & data

Table 1. 30-day mortality in hospitalized CAP cases during the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 influenza seasons according to independent factors studied.

	30-day mortality (n = 146) Cases (%)	30-day survival (n = 1782) Cases (%)	OR (95%CI)	p value
Age group
65–74 years	27 (18.5%)	571 (32.0%)	1
75–84 years	54 (37.0%)	845 (47.4%)	1.35 (0.84 – 2.17)		0.21
≥ 85 years	65 (44.5%)	366 (20.5%)	3.76 (2.35 – 5.99)		<0.001
Barthel index
Moderate to high degree of dependency	108 (74.0%)	668 (37.5%)	4.74 (3.23 – 6.94)		<0.001
Little or no dependency	38 (26.0%)	1114 (62.5%)	1
Smoking status
Non smoker	71 (48.6%)	779 (43.7%)	1
Smoker	15 (10.3%)	153 (8.6%)	1.08 (0.60 – 1.93)		0.81
Ex-smoker	60 (41.1%)	850 (47.7%)	0.77 (0.54 – 1.11)		0.16
Alcohol consumption
No	125 (85.6%)	1428 (80.1%)	1
Yes	21 (14.4%)	354 (19.9%)	0.68 (0.42 – 1.09)		0.11
Solid neoplasm
Yes	40 (27.6%)	298 (16.7%)	1.89 (1.29 – 2.78)		0.001
No	105 (72.4%)	1482 (83.3%)	1
Immunosuppressive treatment
Yes	10 (6.8%)	66 (3.7%)	1.91 (0.96 – 3.79)		0.07
No	136 (93.2%)	1712 (96.3%)	1
Kidney impairment
Yes	39 (26.7%)	310 (17.4%)	1.73 (1.17 – 2.55)		0.005
No	107 (73.3%)	1471 (82.6%)	1
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Yes	34 (23.6%)	553 (31.2%)	0.68 (0.46 – 1.01)		0.06
No	110 (76.4%)	1218 (68.8%)	1
Cardiovascular disease
Yes	55 (38.2%)	479 (26.9%)	1.68 (1.18 – 2.39)		0.004
No	89 (61.8%)	1303 (73.1%)	1
Disabling neurological disease
Yes	23 (15.9%)	135 (7.6%)	2.30 (1.42 – 3.71)		0.001
No	122 (84.1%)	1646 (92.4%)	1
Liver impairment
Yes	9 (6.2%)	66 (3.7%)	1.72 (0.84 – 3.52)		0.14
No	136 (93.8%)	1714 (96.3%)	1
Anemia or altered hemoglobin
Yes	29 (20.0%)	276 (15.5%)	1.36 (0.89 – 2.09)		0.16
No	116 (80.0%)	1504 (84.5%)	1
Cognitive impairment
Yes	41 (28.1%)	190 (10.7%)	3.27 (2.21 – 4.83)		<0.001
No	105 (71.9%)	1590 (89.3%)	1
Intensive care unit (ICU) admission
Yes	14 (9.7%)	68 (3.8%)	2.68 (1.47 – 4.89)		0.001
No	131 (90.3%)	1703 (96.2%)	1
Mechanical ventilation
Yes	36 (24.7%)	297 (16.7%)	1.63 (1.10 – 2.42)		0.02
No	110 (75.3%)	1480 (83.3%)	1
Vasopressor treatment
Yes	23 (16.1%)	117 (6.7%)	2.68 (1.65 – 4.35)		<0.001
No	120 (83.9%)	1636 (93.3%)	1
Cardiorespiratory resuscitation (CRR)
Yes	2 (1.4%)	5 (0.3%)	4.98 (0.96 – 25.9)		0.06
No	141 (98.6%)	1754 (99.7%)	1
Readmission at 30- days
Yes	26 (17.9%)	239 (13.4%)	1.41 (0.90 – 2.20)		0.13
No	119 (82.1%)	1542 (86.6%)	1
Length of hospital stay (LOS)
1–14 days	107 (73.3%)	1464 (82.2%)	1
≥ 15 days	39 (26.7%)	318 (17.8%)	1.68 (1.14 – 2.47)		0.01
Pneumonia severity index (PSI)
I-III	33 (22.6%)	717 (40.5%)	1
IV-V	113 (77.4%)	1055 (59.5%)	2.33 (1.56 – 3.47)		<0.001
Influenza vaccination in any of the 3 previous seasons
Yes	91 (62.3%)	1243 (69.8%)	0.72 (0.51 – 1.02)		0.06
No	55 (37.7%)	539 (30.2%)	1
Pneumococcal vaccination
Yes	62 (42.5%)	935 (52.5%)	0.68 (0.48 – 0.96)		0.03
No	84 (57.5%)	847 (47.5%)	1

Table 2. Factors associated with 30-day mortality in CAP cases. 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 influenza seasons.

	aOR (95% CI)	p value
Gender- Male	1.54 (0.88 – 2.68)	0.13
Age group
65–74 years	1
75–84 years	1.20 (0.70 – 2.06)	0.50
>84 years	3.01 (1.71 – 5.30)	<0.001
Barthel score
Any degree of disability	3.67 (2.34 – 5.75)	<0.001
Solid neoplasm	2.24 (1.46 – 3.45)	<0.001
Pneumonia in 2 previous years	1.36 (0.87–2.14)	0.18
COPD	0.68 (0.42 – 1.09)	0.11
Heart condition	1.31 (0.89 – 1.93)	0.17
Liver impairment	2.41 (1.10 – 5.31)	0.03
Cognitive impairment	1.93 (1.22 – 3.05)	0.005
ICU admission	2.56 (1.27 – 5.16)	0.009
CRR	7.75 (1.20 – 49.98)	0.03
Length of hospital stay (> 15d)	1.56 (1.02 – 2.40)	0.04