Surveillance of immunity acquired from poliovirus immunization including vaccination with the Sabin strain-derived inactivated vaccine

Figures & data

Table 1. Oral polio vaccine (OPV), conventional inactivated polio vaccine (cIPV), and Sabin strain-derived IPV (sIPV)-vaccinated cases of less than 90 months of age.

	Cases	Gender				Age (months)
Vaccination	n (%)	Male (%)	95% CIs (%)	Female (%)	95% CIs (%)	Median	Mean
OPV	78 (34.8)	43 (55.1)	44.0–66.2	35 (44.9)	33.8–56.0	67.5	65.1
IPV	120 (53.6)	81 (67.5)	59.1–75.9	39 (32.5)	24.1–40.9	21.0	26.6
cIPV	40 (17.9)	27 (67.5)	52.8–82.2	13 (32.5)	17.8–47.2	35.5	38.3
sIPV	72 (32.1)	49 (68.1)	57.3–78.9	23 (31.9)	21.1–42.7	17.5	19.5
cIPV and sIPV	8 (3.6)	5 (62.5)	26.6–98.4	3 (37.5)	1.6–73.4	24.5	32.8
Mixed*	11 (4.9)	4 (36.4)	6.6–66.2	7 (63.3)	33.5–93.1	51.0	55.0
unknown	15 (6.7)	9 (60.0)	34.3–85.7	6 (40.0)	14.3–65.7	49.0	43.7
Total	224 (100)	137 (61.2)	54.8–67.6	87 (38.8)	32.4–45.2	41.0	42.5

*OPV and cIPV, OPV and sIPV, or combinations of OPV, cIPV, and sIPV

CIs, confidence intervals

Figure 1. Seropositive rates (a) and geometric mean antibody titers (GMTs) (b) of cases vaccinated with Sabin type 1, 2, and 3. Seropositive rates and GMTs were plotted by age and age groups. Seropositivity was represented for titers of 1:8 or more. Age and age groups were plotted for age groups between 0 to 9 years and for every 10 years thereafter. Type 1: Sabin type 1; Type 2: Sabin type 2; Type 3: Sabin type 3.

Table 2. Seropositive rates and geometric mean antibody titers (GMTs) for oral polio vaccine (OPV) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV).

	Seropositive* rates (%) (95% CIs)			GMTs (95% CIs)
Vaccination	Sabin type 1	Sabin type 2	Sabin type 3	Sabin type 1	Sabin type 2	Sabin type 3
OPV (n = 78)	100.0	100.0	88.3 (23.6–153.0)	179.4 (15.7–2047.4)	118.2 (13.9–1007.1)	16.3 (0.7–380.7)
IPV (n = 120)	96.7 (60.6–132.7)	99.2 (80.9–117.4)	92.5 (39.6–145.4)	83.5 (2.9–2422.4)	173.8 (8.2–3666.7)	76.1 (1.7–3492.4)

*Seropositive: titers of 1:8 or more

CIs, confidence intervals

Table 3. Seropositive rates and geometric mean antibody titers (GMTs) for two doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV) and four doses of inactivated polio vaccines (IPVs).

	Seropositive* rates (%) (95% CIs)			GMTs (95% CIs)
Vaccination	Sabin type 1	Sabin type 2	Sabin type 3	Sabin type 1	Sabin type 2	Sabin type 3
Two doses of OPV (n = 69)	100.0	100.0	94.2 (47.1–141.3)	174.8 (17.8–1699.5)	110.1 (12.8–946.3)	17.5 (0.8–399.1)
Four doses of IPV (n = 54)	96.3 (58.2–134.4)	98.1 (70.9–125.4)	96.3 (58.2–134.4)	131.3 (6.8–2539.0)	287.4 (23.1–3580.8)	143.6 (5.3–3920.6)
Four doses of cIPV (n = 16)	100.0	100.0	100.0	94.5 (3.5–2510.2)	145.8 (12.7–1671.0)	83.0 (2.6–2655.9)
Four doses of sIPV (n = 32)	100.0	100.0	100.0	173.3 (15.9–1885.3)	479.8 (78.7–2925.4)	245.1 (16.1–3744.1)

*Seropositive: titers of 1:8 or more

CIs, confidence intervals

Figure 2. Regression line of neutralizing antibody titers induced by vaccination with two doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV), four doses of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), or four doses of Sabin strain-derived inactivated polio vaccine (sIPV). The relationship between neutralizing antibody titers and elapsed time after the vaccination schedule completion was depicted by least-squares curve-fitting method. p values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Each regression line was statistically significant. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between regression slopes of two doses of OPV and those of four doses of IPV for Sabin types 1, 2, and 3. In addition, regression slopes of two doses of OPV and those of four doses of sIPV for Sabin type 3 were significantly different (p < 0.05). Circle: two doses of OPV; open circle: four doses of IPV; open square: four doses of sIPV; dotted line: regression line of two doses of OPV; alternate long and short dashed line: regression line of four doses of IPV; dashed line: regression line of four doses of sIPV. Regression line of two doses of OPV for Sabin type 1; y = −0.0284x + 8.8741 R² = 0.0917, Sabin type 2; y = −0.0298x + 8.1965 R² = 0.0917, Sabin type 3; y = −0.0435x + 6.092 R² = 0.1052. Regression line of four doses of IPV for Sabin type 1; y = −0.1263x + 8.7408 R² = 0.3972, Sabin type 2; y = −0.0917x + 9.5512 R² = 0.331, Sabin type 3; y = −0.1196x + 8.9806 R² = 0.3445. Regression line of four doses of sIPV for Sabin type 1; y = −0.0789x + 8.1942 R² = 0.1848, Sabin type 2; y = −0.0568x + 9.0626 R² = 0.2078, Sabin type 3; y = −0.1234x + 9.3093 R² = 0.4052.

Polio Grobal Eradication Initiative. Polio eradication & endgame strategic plan 2013–2018. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2013.

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