Implementing pharmacy-located HPV vaccination: findings from pilot projects in five U.S. states

Figures & data

Table 1. Definitions and example measures of implementation outcomes assessed in pilot projects.

Construct	Definition^a	Example measure
Service Penetration	Extent to which an evidence-based practice is integrated within a service setting and its subsystems. Also known as “reach.”	Number of HPV vaccine doses given to vaccine eligible patients contacted during the pilot project
Acceptability	Extent to which implementation stakeholders perceive a service to be agreeable, palatable, or satisfactory	Parents’ satisfaction with the waiting time, privacy, pharmacy’s appearance, and interactions with staff
Appropriateness	Perceived fit, relevance, or compatibility of the evidence-based practice for a given practice setting, provider, or consumer	Pharmacy staff’s support for HPV vaccination
Feasibility	Extent to which a new practice can be successfully used or carried out within a given setting	Number of health insurance plans covering HPV vaccine doses given at a pharmacy
Fidelity	Degree to which an implementation strategy was delivered as prescribed in the original protocol	Percentage of protocol items implemented as planned
Adoption	Intention, initial decision, or action to try or employ an evidence-base practice in a service setting. Also called “uptake.”	Number of physicians referring patients to the pharmacy
Sustainability	Extent to which a recently implemented practice is maintained and institutionalized within a service setting‘s ongoing operations	Number of pharmacies applying and obtaining for VFC program designation

^a Definitions adapted from Gerke D, Lewis E, Prusaczyk B, Hanley C, Baumann A, Proctor E. Eight toolkits related to Dissemination and Implementation. Implementation Outcomes. 2017. [accessed 2018 Nov 28]. https://sites.wustl.edu/wudandi/.

Figure 1. Study protocol from North Carolina pilot project. Abbreviations: NCIR = North Carolina Immunization Registry; EHR = Electronic health records; VAERS = Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System; PCP = Primary care provider; MD = Physician.