Prevalence, genotype distribution and risk factors of cervical HPV infection in Yangqu, China: a population-based survey of 10086 women

Figures & data

Figure 1. Study population

Table 1. Comparison of HPV infection rates among different age groups (%).

Age groups	N	No. positive cases	Prevalence (%)	P	No. positive cases for LR-HPV	Prevalence (%)	P
<30 y	603	44	7.30^a	0.001	0	0^d	<0.001
30–49 y	6369	528	8.29^b		16	0.28^e
≥50 y	3114	328	10.53^c		20	0.64^f

There were significant differences among the different age groups according to Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons (α’ = α/C₃² = 0.0167).

Table 2. HPV prevalence and genotype distribution.

	All ages Overall total cases n = 10086			<30 y n = 603			30–49 y n = 6369			No. Positive cases
	Genotypes	No. Positive cases	Prevalence (%)	Genotypes	No. Positive cases	Prevalence (%)	Genotypes	No. Positive cases	Prevalence (%)	Genotypes	No. Positive cases	Prevalence (%)
HR-HPV types	16	345	3.42	16	11	1.82	16	204	3.20	16	130	4.17
	52	179	1.77	52	9	1.49	52	107	1.68	52	63	2.02
	58	148	1.47	53	5	0.83	58	90	1.41	58	55	1.77
	53	77	0.76	68	5	0.83	56	41	0.64	53	37	1.19
	66	74	0.73	33	4	0.66	66	40	0.63	66	30	0.96
	56	73	0.72	51	4	0.66	31	35	0.55	56	28	0.90
	51	61	0.60	56	4	0.66	53	35	0.55	51	26	0.83
	33	58	0.58	66	4	0.66	33	32	0.50	33	22	0.71
	31	52	0.52	31	3	0.50	51	31	0.49	68	18	0.58
	68	52	0.52	58	3	0.50	68	29	0.46	18	17	0.55
	18	38	0.38	39	2	0.33	39	22	0.35	31	14	0.45
	39	35	0.35	59	2	0.33	18	20	0.31	39	11	0.35
	35	30	0.30	18	1	0.17	35	20	0.31	59	11	0.35
	59	29	0.29	35	0	0.00	59	16	0.25	35	10	0.32
	45	5	0.05	45	0	0.00	45	3	0.05	45	2	0.06
Subtotal-any HPV type		1256			57			725			474
LR-HPV Types	CP8304	20	0.20	CP8304	0	0.00	CP8304	9	0.14	CP8304	11	0.35
	43	11	0.11	6	0	0.00	43	7	0.11	6	7	0.22
	6	8	0.08	11	0	0.00	11	4	0.06	43	4	0.13
	11	6	0.06	42	0	0.00	6	1	0.02	11	2	0.06
	42	0	0.00	43	0	0.00	42	0	0.00	42	0	0.00
	44	0	0.00	44	0	0.00	44	0	0.00	44	0	0.00
Subtotal-any HPV type		45			0			21			24

Table 3. Distribution of single and multiple HR-HPV infections (n = 888).

	All ages Overall total cases n = 888			<30y n = 44			30–49y n = 525			≥50y n = 319
HR-HPV Infections	HR-HPV positive cases	Percentage (x/888) (%)	Prevalence (x/10086) (%)	HR-HPV positive cases	Percentage (x/44) (%)	Prevalence (x/10086) (%)	HR-HPV positive cases	Percentage (x/525) (%)	Prevalence (x/10086) (%)	HR-HPV positive cases	Percentage (x/319) (%)	Prevalence (x/10086) (%)
Single HPV type	603	67.91	5.98	34	77.27	0.34	359	68.38	3.56	210	65.83	2.08
Two HPV types	201	22.64	1.99	8	18.18	0.08	124	23.62	1.23	69	21.63	0.68
Three HPV types	58	6.53	0.58	1	2.27	0.01	31	5.9	0.31	26	8.15	0.26
≥Four HPV types	26	2.93	0.26	1	2.27	0.01	11	2.1	0.11	14	4.39	0.14
Total	888	100.00	8.80	44	100.00	0.44	525	100.00	5.21	319	100.00	3.16

Abbreviations: HPV, human papillomavirus; HR-HPV, high-risk HPV.

Table 4. Univariate analysis of the potential risk factors for HR-HPV infection (n = 10086).

Variable	HR-HPV negative (n = 9198)	HR-HPV positive (n = 888)	χ^2	P
Age (years)			12.245	0.002
<30	559	44
30–49	5844	525
≥50	2795	319
Education level			6.364	0.041
Primary school or below	1367	151
Junior middle school	4480	448
Senior middle school orabove	3351	289
Annual income			8.769	0.012
<10000 CNY	1028	912
10000–30000 CNY	6153	5628
≥30000 CNY	2905	2658
Smoking history			14.177	0.001
No	9126	870
Yes	72	18
Spouse smoking history			6.227	0.014
No	4276	374
Yes	4922	514
Menopause or not			14.783	<0.001
No	6834	607
Yes	2364	281
Age at first intercourse			10.697	0.001
<23 years old	3737	411
≥23 years old	5461	477
Gravidity			6.963	0.008
<3 times	4393	383
≥3 times	4805	505
Parity			12.819	<0.001
<3 times	7712	703
≥3 times	1486	185
Use of tubal ligation for contraception			9.009	0.003
No	7799	719
Yes	1399	169
Gynecologic surgery history			88.473	<0.001
No	8244	703
Yes	954	185

Table 5. Results of multivariate analysis of the potential risk factors for HR-HPV infection (n = 10086).

Variable	β	S.E.	Wald	OR (95%CI)	P
Education level
Primary school or below				1.00
Junior middle school	−0.333	0.059	31.472	0.716(0.638 ~ 0.805)	<0.001
Senior middle school or above	−0.333	0.059	31.472	0.716(0.638 ~ 0.805)	<0.001
Annual income
<10000 CNY				1.00
10000–30000 CNY	−0.233	0.063	13.889	0.792 (0.700 ~ 0.895)	<0.001
≥30000 CNY	−0.233	0.063	13.889	0.792 (0.700 ~ 0.895)	<0.001
Smoking history
No				1.00
Yes	0.813	0.295	7.581	2.254 (1.264 ~ 4.020)	0.006
Age at first intercourse
<23 years old				1.00
≥23 years old	−0.179	0.076	5.535	0.836 (0.720 ~ 0.971)	0.019
Parity
<3 times				1.00
≥3 times	0.205	0.096	4.535	1.228 (1.016 ~ 1.483)	0.033