Association of vaccine awareness and confidence on the influenza vaccination status of Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia residents

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flowchart of multi-stage sampling

Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of study participants (n = 1377)

Socio-demographic factor	Frequency	Percent (%)
Gender
Male	648	47.06
Female	729	52.94
Age
18–27	247	17.94
28–37	628	45.61
38–47	305	22.15
48–58	137	9.95
58–67	45	3.27
68 and above	15	1.09
Educational Attainment
Illiterate	2	0.15
Primary	69	5.01
Intermediate	131	9.51
High-school	344	24.98
College/University	774	56.21
Post-graduate	57	4.14
Employment Status
Student/Intern	172	12.49
Employed – Government Sector	658	47.79
Employed – Private Sector	155	11.26
Retired	57	4.14
Unemployed	335	24.33

Table 2. Vaccination status of respondents according to sociodemographic characteristics

Sociodemographic factor	Vaccinated				Unvaccinated
	Count	Proportion, %	95% CI		Count	Proportion, %	95% CI
Sex
Male	310	47.84	44.02	51.69	338	52.16	48.31	55.98
Female	298	40.88	37.37	44.49	431	59.12	55.51	62.63
Age
18–27	90	36.44	30.43	42.78	157	63.56	57.22	69.57
28–37	271	43.15	39.33	47.06	357	56.85	52.94	60.67
38–47	142	46.56	41.04	52.16	163	53.44	47.84	58.96
48–57	74	54.01	45.30	62.56	63	45.99	37.44	54.70
58–67	25	55.56	40.00	70.36	20	44.44	29.64	60.00
68 and above	6	40.00	16.34	67.71	9	60.00	32.29	83.66
Educational attainment
Below college	209	38.28	34.30	42.42	337	61.72	57.58	65.70
College and postgraduate	399	48.01	44.63	51.41	432	51.99	48.59	55.37
Employment Status
Unemployed	189	33.51	29.74	37.51	375	66.49	62.49	70.26
Employed	419	51.54	48.10	54.96	394	48.46	45.04	51.90

Table 3. Awareness on the availability of influenza vaccination services

Awareness Status	Counts	Proportion, %	95% CI
Availability of vaccine
Unaware	232	16.85	14.96	18.92
Aware	1145	83.15	81.08	85.04
Free influenza vaccination
Unaware	166	12.06	10.44	13.88
Aware	1211	87.94	86.12	89.56

Table 4. Confidence on influenza vaccination

Confidence Status	Counts	Proportion, %	95% CI
Prevention of influenza
Not confident	511	37.11	34.60	39.69
Confident	866	62.89	60.31	65.40
Protection against complications of influenza
Not confident	432	31.37	28.98	33.87
Confident	945	68.63	66.13	71.02
Safety of influenza vaccine
Not confident	402	29.19	26.85	31.65
Confident	975	70.81	68.35	73.15

Table 5. Association between sociodemographic variables and vaccination status

Variable	Crude OR (95% CI)	p-value
Age Older^a Younger^b	1.3019 (1.0477–1.6177) 1.0000	.0173
Gender Female Male	0.7539 (0.6090–0.9332) 1.0000	.0095
Educational attainment High Low	1.4893 (1.1955–1.8553) 1.0000	.0004
Employment status Employed Unemployed	2.1100 (1.6891–2.6356) 1.0000	<.0001
Awareness on vaccine availability Yes No	2.9256 (2.1196–4.0380) 1.0000	<.0001
Awareness on free vaccination Yes No	7.3264 (4.4841–11.9701) 1.0000	<.0001
Confidence that vaccine prevents influenza Yes No	3.5043 (CI: 2.7592–4.4508) 1.0000	<.0001
Confidence that vaccine protects against complications Yes No	3.0554 (CI: 2.3816–3.9199) 1.0000	<.0001
Confidence on vaccine safety Yes No	4.3984 (3.3530–5.7699)	<.0001

^a36.7 years and younger; ^bolder than 36.7 years

Table 6. Adjusted association of awareness on the availability of influenza vaccine and influenza vaccination status

Variable	aOR (95% CI)	p-value
Awareness on vaccine availability Yes No	2.6860 (1.9300–3.7381) 1.0000	<0.0001
Age Older^a Younger^b	1.2080 (0.9590–1.5217) 1.0000	0.1085
Gender Female Male	0.9159 (0.7229–1.1605) 1.0000	0.4671
Educational Attainment High Low	1.1595 (0.9125–1.4733) 1.0000	0.2259
Employment Status Employed Unemployed	1.8277 (1.4240–2.3459) 1.0000	<0.0001

^a36.7 years and younger; ^bolder than 36.7 years

Table 7. Adjusted association of awareness on the availability of free vaccination service and vaccination status

Variable	aOR (95% CI)	p-value
Awareness on free vaccination Yes No	6.2626 (3.8070–10.3022) 1.0000	<0.0001
Age Older^a Younger^b	1.1620 (0.9201–1.46761) 1.0000	0.2074
Gender Female Male	0.9473 (0.7456–1.2034) 1.0000	0.6572
Educational Attainment High Low	1.1208 (0.8795–1.4283) 1.0000	0.3565
Employment Status Employed Unemployed	1.7402 (1.3500–2.2431) 1.0000	<0.0001

^a36.7 years and younger; ^bolder than 36.7 years

Table 8. Adjusted association of confidence on influenza vaccine efficacy for preventing influenza and vaccination status

Variable	aOR (95% CI)	p-value
Confidence that vaccine prevents influenza Yes No	3.6331 (2.8425–4.6436) 1.0000	<0.0001
Age Older^a Younger^b	1.1670 (0.9206–1.4795) 1.0000	0.2018
Gender Female Male	1.0569 (0.8277–1.3497) 1.0000	0.6573
Educational Attainment High Low	1.2844 (1.0074–1.6377) 1.0000	0.0435
Employment Status Employed Unemployed	2.0954 (1.6190–2.7120) 1.0000	<0.0001

^a36.7 years and younger; ^bolder than 36.7 years

Table 9. Adjusted association of confidence on influenza vaccine efficacy to prevent complications and vaccination status

Variable	aOR (95% CI)	p-value
Confidence that vaccine protects against complications Yes No	3.2467 (2.5149–4.1914) 1.0000	<0.0001
Age Older^a Younger^b	1.2241 (0.9681–1.5479) 1.0000	0.0912
Gender Female Male	0.9883 (0.7768–1.2573) 1.0000	0.9238
Educational Attainment High Low	1.2837 (1.0091–1.6330) 1.0000	0.0420
Employment Status Employed Unemployed	2.0792 (1.6117–2.6822) 1.0000	<0.0001

^a36.7 years and younger; ^bolder than 36.7 years

Table 10. Adjusted association of confidence on influenza vaccine safety and vaccination status

Variable	aOR (95% CI)	p-value
Confidence on vaccine safety Yes No	4.5105 (3.4206–5.9477) 1.0000	<0.0001
Age Older^a Younger^b	1.2326 (1.2326–1.5643) 1.0000	0.0855
Gender Female Male	1.0166 (0.7964–1.2977) 1.0000	0.8951
Educational Attainment High Low	1.2400 (0.9706–1.5843) 1.0000	0.0853
Employment Status Employed Unemployed	2.0476 (1.5816–2.6510) 1.0000	<0.0001

^a36.7 years and younger; ^bolder than 36.7 years