The coverage of influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations among people living with HIV in Denmark: A single-center cross-sectional survey

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics for all 203 people living with HIV

Characteristics	Number (%)
Age
Years, median (IQR)	51 (42–59)
Sex
Male	146 (71.9)
Highest education
Primary school up to 10 years	46 (22.7)
Vocational education and training	69 (34.0)
High school or equal to	27 (13.3)
University or equal to	57 (28.1)
Don´t want to disclose	3 (1.5)
No data	1 (0.5)
Annual household income
<40.000 EUR (<300.000 DKK)	86 (42.4)
≥40.000 EUR (≥300.000 DKK)	99 (48.8)
Don´t want to disclose	7 (3.5)
Don´t know	11 (5.4)
Race
Caucasian	167 (82.3)
African	27 (13.3)
Asian	7 (3.5)
Mixed	1 (0.5)
Don´t want to disclose	1 (0.5)

Table 2. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination uptake and source of information regarding immunization of 203 people living with HIV

Q&A incl. number of participants at the different questions	Number (%)
Influenza vaccination in the latest season (N = 203)
No	137 (67.5)
Yes	63 (31.0)
Don´t know	2 (1.0)
No data	1 (0.5)
Influenza vaccination any season apart from latest season (N = 203)
No	98 (48.3)
Yes	87 (42.9)
Don´t know	9 (4.4)
No data	9 (4.4)
Influenza vaccination next season (N = 203)
Yes	87 (42.9)
No	78 (38.4)
Don´t know	34 (16.7)
No data	4 (2.0)
Reasons for not being influenza vaccination latest season (N = 137)
Other (Perception of good health; don´t see the need for/effect of vaccine; don´t want vaccinations) free text	53 (38.7)
Previously not been informed that it is recommended for patients like me	35 (25.6)
Concern about side effects	15 (11.0)
Previously not been informed that it was free	12 (8.8)
Ill at the time of vaccination	1 (0.7)
Allergies (chicken, eggs or other ingredients in the vaccine)	0
Don´t want to disclose	10 (7.3)
No data	11 (8.0)
Ever pneumococcal vaccination offered (N = 203)
No	172 (84.7)
Yes	13 (6.4)
Don´t know	18 (8.9)
Reasons for offered Pneumococcal vaccination (free text) (N = 13)
HIV	4 (30.8)
Former pneumonia or lung disease	3 (23.1)
Don´t want to be sick	2 (15.4)
No data	4 (30.8)
Pneumococcal vaccination acceptance (N = 13)
Yes	9 (69.2)
No	3 (23.1)
No data	1 (7.7)
Pneumococcal vaccination recommendation obtained from (N = 13)
Infectious disease specialist	5 (38.5)
General practitioner	3 (23.1)
No data	5 (38.5)
Reasons for declining Pneumococcal vaccination (N = 3)
Concern about side effects	1 (33.3)
I did not think it was necessary	1 (33.3)
Don´t want to disclose	1 (33.3)
Primary information source recommending immunization (N = 203)
Not informed about vaccination	60 (29.6)
Infectious disease specialist	57 (28.1)
General practitioner	47 (23.2)
Through personal information seeking	14 (6.9)
Other (Family, nurse, work place or media) free text	13 (6.4)
No data	12 (5.9)

Table 3. Factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake in the latest season in univariable and multivariable logistic regression among people living with HIV

Factors	Number of cases influenza vaccinated (N = 63) N (%)	OR (95% CI)	p-value	aOR (95% CI) ^¥	p-value
Influenza vaccination ever before latest season
No	10 (10.2)	Ref.		Ref.
Yes	46 (52.9)	10.34 (4.75–22.52)	<0.001	4.13 (1.20–14.21)	0.025
Age group
≤49 years	16 (17.6)	Ref.		Ref.
50–59 years	19 (33.9)	1.95 (0.92–4.12)	0.082	1.57 (0.39–6.36)	0.529
≥60 years	25 (52.1)	4.12 (1.93–8.80)	<0.001	0.89 (0.09–8.41)	0.920
Primary information source recommending vaccination
General practitioner	25 (53.2)	Ref.		-
HIV specialist	19 (33.3)	0.48 (0.22–1.05)	0.065
Other ^§	4 (30.8)	0.55 (0.16–1.93)	0.351
Through personal information seeking	8 (57.1)	1.17 (0.35–3.91)	0.795
Not informed	5 (8.3)	0.10 (0.03–0.27)	<0.001
Sex
Male	45 (30.8)	Ref.		-
Female	18 (32.7)	0.99 (0.51–1.92)	0.984
Race
Caucasian	55 (32.9)	Ref.		-
Asian	2 (28.6)	0.75 (0.14–3.99)	0.738
African	6 (22.2)	0.54 (0.21–1.41)	0.205
Annual household income
<40.000 EUR	27 (31.4)	Ref.		-
≥40.000 EUR	31 (31.3)	1.04 (0.56–1.94)	0.893
Education
Primary school up to 10 years	14 (30.4)	Ref.		-
Vocational education and training	23 (33.3)	1.10 (0.50–2.43)	0.809
High school or equal to	7 (25.9)	0.72 (0.25–2.09)	0.549
University or equal to	18 (31.6)	0.95 (0.42–2.19)	0.911

^¥aOR run with an interaction term between influenza vaccination ever before latest season and age groups. R² = 0.229

^§Family, nurse, , or media.