MAGNITUDE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF DELAYED VACCINATION AMONG CHILDREN AGED11 -23 MONTHS IN, TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA, 2018

Figures & data

Table 1. National immunization schedules for infants in Ethiopia

Vaccination for infants
Age	Visit	Antigen
Birth	1	BCG, OPV0
6 weeks	2	DTP-HepB1-Hib1,OPV1,PCV1, Rota1
10 weeks	3	DTP-HepB2-Hib2,OPV2,PCV2, Rota2
14 weeks	4	DTP-HepB3-Hb3, OPV3, PCV3, IPV
9 months	5	Measles
6–59 months		Vitamin A Supplement

BCG – Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; OPV – Oral Polio Vaccine; DPT–HepB – Hib – Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, Haemophilus Influenza Type B; PCV – Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; Rota – Rotavirus Vaccine.

Table 2. Sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents in Edagahamus, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 393)

Variable	Category	Frequency	Percent (%)
Sex of child	Female	208	52.9
	Male	185	47.1
Age of child	11–17 months	222	56.5
	18–24 months	171	43.5
Age of mother	≤30 yrs.	244	62.1
	≥31 yrs.	149	37.9
Religion	Christian	328	83.5
	Other	65	16.5
Marital status	Married/active	302	76.8
	never married	39	9.9
	Separated/widowed and divorced	52	13.2
Ethnicity	Tigray	372	94.7
	Other	21	5.4
Educational level	no education	57	14.5
	Primary	106	27.0
	Secondary	191	48.6
	University/college	39	9.9
Occupation	Employed	81	20.6
	Unemployed	56	14.3
	Housewife	256	65.1
Average monthly income	<500 birr	42	10.7
	500–1000	119	30.3
	>1000	192	48.3
	Unknown	42	10.7
Birth order of the child	1^st born	55	14.0
	2^nd born	161	41.0
	>3^rd born	177	45.0

Table 3. Distribution of maternity-related characteristics of Edagahamus, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 393)

	Variable	Category	Frequency	Percent (%)
	Health education about vaccination and related topics during PNC/ANC	Yes	278	70.7
		No	115	29.3
	Place of birth	Own home	47	12.0
		Health facility	346	88.0
	Illness of child on the appointment period	Yes	42	10.7
		No	351	89.3
	Don’t know it was due/forget	Yes	28	7.1
		No	365	92.9
	Fear of side effect	Yes	27	6.9
		No	366	93.1
	Do you think it is important to get a vaccine?	Yes	381	96.9
		No	12	3.1
	Do you know immunization commences at birth?	Yes	311	79.1
		No	82	20.9
	Do you know the immunization schedule?	Yes	327	83.2
		No	66	16.8
	Do you think immunity could be achieved with vaccination?	Yes	362	92.1
		No	31	7.9
	Do you think VPD could be serious?	YesNo	342 51	87.0 13.0

Table 4. Distribution of service-related characteristics of Edagahamus, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 393)

Variable	Category	Frequency	Percent (%)
The child might develop side effect from the shot	Great deal	314	79.9
	A little	61	15.5
	Not at all	18	4.6
Advised you some vaccines had too serious SE during the immunization period	Yes	246	62.6
	No	147	37.4
Satisfaction with the practice of providers	Yes	251	63.9
	No	142	36.1
Lack of vaccine	Yes	44	11.2
	No	349	88.8
Lack of appointment	Yes	20	5.1
	No	373	94.9

Figure 1. Timely versus delayed immunization among 11–23 months old children in Edagahamus, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018

Table 5. Factors associated with delayed immunization among 11–23 months old children in Edagahamus Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, and 2018 G.C

Variable	Delay, n (%)	Timely, n (%)	COR	P	AOR	P
Occupation
Employed	12 (14.8)	69 (81.2)	0.32 (0.12;0.61)	0.028
Unemployed	37 (66.0)	19 (34.0)	3.59 (1.78;10.92)	0.00
Housewife	90 (35.2)	166 (64.8)	1	1
Education
Tertiary	4 (10.3)	35 (89.7)	0.072 (0.022;0.23)	0.000	0.169 (0.032–0.882)	0.035
Secondary	52 (27.2)	139 (72.8)	0.235 (0.126;0.438)	0.000	0.269 (0.114–0.636)	0.003
Primary	48 (45.3)	58 (54.7)	0.520 (0.270;1.003)	0.051	0.828 (0.340–2.019)	0.678
Uneducated	35 (61.4)	22 (38.6)	1	1	1	1
Marital status
Married	90 (29.8)	212 (70.2)	0.337 (0.185;0.614)	0.000
Unmarried	20 (51.3)	19 (48.7)	0.835 (0.363;1.920)	0.671
Separated	29 (55.8)	23 (44.2)	1	1
Yes	110 (32.2)	232 (67.8)	1
Lack of vaccine
Yes	30 (68.2)	14 (31.8)	4.718 (2.406;9.253)	0.000
No	109 (31.2)	240 (68.8)	1
Sickness of child
Yes	30 (71.4)	12 (28.6)	5.550 (2.738;11.25)	0.000	11.36 (4.68–27.55)	0.000
No	109 (31.1)	242 (68.9)	1
Lack of appointment
Yes	12 (60)	8 (40)	2.906 (1.158;7.290)	0.023
No	127 (34)	246 (66)	1
Forget
Yes	17 (60.7)	11(39.3)	3.078(1.398;6.776)	0.005
No	122 (33.4)	243(66.6)	1

* Statistically Significant variables in bivariate analysis, ** statistically Significant variables in multivariable significance, 1: Reference, COR: Crud’s Odd’s ratio, AOR: Adjusted odds ratio, and CI: Confidence interval.

Table

BCG	Bacillus Chalmette-Guerin
EDHS	Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey
EPI	Expanded Program on Immunization
FMOH	Federal Ministry of Health
MDG	Millennium development goal
MMR	Measles-Mumps-Rubella
MoH	Ministry of Health
MU, CHS	Mekele University College of Health Science
OPV	Oral Polio Vaccine
SE	Side Effect
VPD	Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
PCV	Pneumonia Vaccine
SNNP	Southern Nation and Nationalities
SOS	Sustainable Outreach Services
UNICEF	United Nations International Children’s Education Fund,
WHO	World Health Organization