COVID-19 vaccine development from the perspective of cancer patients

Figures & data

Figure 1. Scatter plot of COVID-19–related CFRs from series comparing rates from patients with cancer (blue dots) with patients without cancer (red dots)

Table 1. Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines

Manufacturers	Type (technology)	Announced date	First approved area	Advantage	Limitation
Pfizer/BioNTech	mRNA	2020.12.11	United States	Rapid and strong immunity and rapid development	Requires frozen storage
Moderna	mRNA	2020.12.18	United States
Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology	Adenovirus vector	2020.8.11	Russia	Mature technology and easy mass production	Potential risks of virus replication
AstraZeneca/Oxford	Adenovirus vector	2020.12.30	United Kingdom
Johnson & Johnson	Adenovirus vector	2021.2.27	United States
CanSino Biologics	Adenovirus vector	2021.2.25	China
Beijing Institute of Biological Products	Inactivated SARS‑CoV‑2	2020.12.30	China	Mature technology and easy to transport	multiple vaccinations needed and weak cellular immunity
Sinovac	Inactivated SARS‑CoV‑2	2021.2.5	China
Bharat Biotech	Inactivated SARS‑CoV‑2	2021.1.3	India
Sinopharm	Inactivated SARS‑CoV‑2	2021.2.25	China
The Chumakov Center at the Russian Academy of Sciences	Inactivated SARS‑CoV‑2	2021.2.20	Russia
Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems	Inactivated SARS‑CoV‑2	2020.12.31	Kazakhstan
Vector Institute	Subunit	2020.10.14	Russia	No virus genetic material, safe, efficient, scale production	Good expression systems are hard to find
Anhui ZhifeiLongcom Biopharmaceutical Co.Ltd	Subunit	2021.3.10	China

Table 2. Demographics of subjects

Demographic characteristic	Number of people	Composition ratio (%)
Gender
Men	85	40.7
Women	124	59.3
Cancer patients	115	55
Receive surgery	28	13.4
Receive chemotherapy	56	26.8
Receive radiotherapy	12	5.7
Other treatments (such as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, etc.)	19	9.1
Age
<40 y old	51	24.4
≥40 y old	158	75.6
Educational level
Senior high school and below	123	58.9
College degree or above	86	41.1

Table 3. Reasons for subjects’ acceptance or rejection of COVID-19 vaccination [N (%)]

Reasons	Cancer patients		Family members of cancer patients
Reasons for receiving COVID-19 vaccine
Relative safety of the vaccine	35 (87.5%)		57 (90.4%)
Effectiveness of the vaccine	30 (75%)		51 (81%)
Protection offamily members frominfection	37 (92.5%)		60 (95.2%)
Reasons for not receiving COVID-19 vaccine
No new cases in the area and vaccination not required	25 (33.3%)		9 (29%)
Fear of side effects	65 (86.7%)		22 (71%)
Doubts about the effectiveness of the vaccine	60 (80%)		27 (87.1%)