COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Zambia: a glimpse at the possible challenges ahead for COVID-19 vaccination rollout in sub-Saharan Africa

Figures & data

Figure 1. Caregivers’ intent to vaccinate their child (a) and receive the vaccine (b) against COVID-19 by district and campaign setting, among caregivers attending supplemental immunization activity in Zambia. Facilities designated as C3 and C4 represent peri-urban settings.

Figure 2. Relationship between intent to vaccinate child and perceptions of disease and vaccine among caregivers attending supplemental immunization activity in Zambia. Campaign daily summaries of the perceptions of COVID-19 disease and vaccine were calculated for each facility then plotted against similar summaries for intent to vaccinate child.

Table 1. Intent to vaccinate child and self, controlling for Health Belief Model constructs. Relative risks of intent to vaccinate a child (“Child”) or self (“Adult”) among caregivers seeking measles and rubella vaccination for their child at the Zambian Child Health Week, Choma and Ndola Districts, November 2020. These relative risks are unadjusted and adjusted for other Health Belief Model constructs

	Choma		Ndola		Overall
	Unadjusted	Adjusted	Unadjusted	Adjusted	Unadjusted	Adjusted
Child
safety	2.18 (1.88, 2.52)	1.35 (1.16, 1.59)	1.85 (1.41, 2.43)	-	2.13 (1.87, 2.43)	1.40 (1.20, 1.62)
efficacy	2.58 (2.14, 3.10)	1.91 (1.53, 2.39)	1.82 (1.35, 2.45)	-	2.43 (2.07, 2.85)	1.77 (1.45, 2.15)
threat	1.48 (1.31, 1.68)	1.02 (0.97, 1.08)	1.35 (1.10, 1.66)	-	1.49 (1.34, 1.66)	1.04 (0.98, 1.09)
severity	2.07 (1.56, 2.76)	1.26 (0.99, 1.59)	1.35 (1.06, 1.73)	-	1.82 (1.49, 2.24)	1.13 (0.97, 1.30)
Adult
safety	0.89 (0.77, 1.03)	0.81 (0.66, 1.00)	1.54 (1.19, 2.01)	1.04 (0.81, 1.32)	1.30 (1.15, 1.46)	1.02 (0.88, 1.18)
efficacy	0.98 (0.83, 1.15)	1.23 (0.98, 1.54)	1.87 (1.32, 2.65)	1.68 (1.12, 2.52)	1.43 (1.24, 1.64)	1.31 (1.09, 1.57)
threat	0.81 (0.69, 0.94)	0.71 (0.60, 0.85)	1.62 (1.19, 2.21)	1.45 (1.07, 1.97)	1.20 (1.06, 1.37)	0.96 (0.85, 1.09)
severity	1.88 (1.23, 2.89)	2.25 (1.46, 3.47)	1.33 (0.99, 1.79)	1.03 (0.82, 1.29)	1.84 (1.39, 2,43)	1.63 (1.23, 2.17)

Relative risks are presented here unadjusted and adjusted for other health belief model constructs. Values in bold are statistically significant. Ndola child model (-) failed to converge.