Is there a difference in the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in males and females? - A systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. PRISMA flowchart of literature search.

Table 1. Characteristics of included studies

Author(s)	Type of vaccine	Regimen	Period	Length of follow-up	Location	Design	Placebo/Vaccine n	Age	Female	VE* of Female (95% CI)	VE* of Male(95% CI)	Funding Source
Dagan 2021	BNT162b2-mRNA	Two-dose, 30 μg/dose, given 21 days apart	7 Days After Dose 2	20-Dec-20 to 1-Feb-21	Israel	Observational Study	596,618/596,618	45	50%	93%(88.0–97.0)	91%(80.0–96.0)	Morris–Singer Fund
Logunov 2021	Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V)	First dose rAd26, second dose rAd5, 0.5 mL/dose, given 21 days apart	21 Days After Dose 1	7-Sept-20 to 24-Nov-20	Russia	Clinical Trial the Phase 3	4,902/14,964	45.3	38.80%	87.5%(73.4–94.2)	94.2%(87.2–97.4)	Moscow City Health Department, Russian Direct Investment Fund, Sberbank, and RUSAL.
Polack 2020	BNT162b2-mRNA	Two-dose, 30 μg/dose, given 21 days apart	Before 7 Days After Dose 2	27-Jul-20 to 14-Nov-20	Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, United States	Clinical Trial the Phase 2/3	18,846/18,860	52	49.40%	93.7%(84.7–98.0)	96.4%(88.9–99.3)	BioNTech and Pfizer
Baden 2021	mRNA-1273	Two-dose, 100 μg/dose, given 28 days apart	14 Days After Dose 2	Cutoff date of 21-Nov-20	United States	Clinical Trial the Phase 3	14,073/14,134	51.4	47.30%	93.1%(85.2–96.8)	95.4%(87.4–98.3)	ModernaTX, Inc.

* VE:The efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in preventing.

Figure 2. The pooled VEs of COVID-19 vaccines under sex-disaggregated.

Figure 3. Forest plots for the associations between sex as a dichotomous variable and the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine.