Knowledge and willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine: a survey from Anhui Province, China

Figures & data

Table 1. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of knowledge scores about COVID-19 vaccine (n = 2176)

Variables	Category	N(%)	Knowledge scores
			$\bar{x}$±s	F	p
Gender	Male	880 (40.4)	43.91 ± 4.26	8.264	0.004
	Female	1296 (59.6)	44.44 ± 4.20
Age	≤39	755 (34.7)	45.20 ± 3.59	32.221	<0.001
	40–49	563 (25.9)	43.78 ± 4.58
	≥50	858 (39.4)	43.65 ± 4.35
Ethnicity	The Han nationality	2150 (98.8)	44.20 ± 4.23	3.354	0.067
	Other	26 (1.2)	45.73 ± 3.33
Marital status	Unmarried	220 (10.1)	45.45 ± 2.84	8.844	<0.001
	Married	1881 (86.4)	44.12 ± 4.30
	Divorce	49 (2.3)	42.71 ± 5.45
	Widowed	26 (1.2)	43.77 ± 4.06
Education	Junior middle school or below	644 (29.6)	43.32 ± 4.80	52.973	<0.001
	Senior middle school	695 (31.9)	43.69 ± 4.27
	Associate’s degree or above	837 (38.5)	45.36 ± 3.40
Region	Southern Anhui	522 (24.0)	44.82 ± 3.98	14.810	<0.001
	Central Anhui	652 (30.0)	43.53 ± 4.60
	Northern Anhui	1002 (46.0)	44.36 ± 4.04
Residence	Rural	1047 (48.1)	43.63 ± 4.44	21.203	<0.001
	Urban	691 (31.8)	44.91 ± 3.69
	Suburb	438 (20.1)	44.56 ± 4.31
Have you heard of COVID-19 vaccine before this survey?	Yes	2135 (98.1)	44.27 ± 4.18	16.684	<0.001
	No	41 (1.9)	41.56 ± 5.65
Did you know the vaccine was effective in preventing COVID-19 before this survey?	Yes	2090 (96.0)	44.30 ± 4.19	18.396	<0.001
	No	86 (4.0)	42.31 ± 4.69

Table 2. Multiple comparison of knowledge scores about COVID-19 vaccine (n = 2176) (LSD method)

Variables			$\bar{x}$ i -$\bar{x}$ j	SD	p	95% CI
Age	≤39	40–49	1.426	0.232	<0.001	0.971 ~ 1.881
		≥50	1.554	0.208	<0.001	1.146 ~ 1.962
	40–49	≤39	−1.426	0.232	<0.001	−1.881~-0.971
		≥50	0.128	0.226	0.572	−0.316 ~ 0.571
	≥50	≤39	−1.554	0.208	<0.001	−1.962~-1.146
		40–49	−.128	0.226	0.572	−0.571 ~ 0.316
Marital status	Unmarried	Married	1.331	0.300	<0.001	0.743 ~ 1.918
		Divorce	2.740	0.664	<0.001	1.438 ~ 4.043
		Widowed	1.685	0.872	0.053	−0.025 ~ 3.395
	Married	Unmarried	−1.331	0.300	<0.001	−1.918~-0.743
		Divorce	1.410	0.608	0.021	0.216 ~ 2.603
		Widowed	0.355	0.830	0.669	−1.274 ~ 1.983
	Divorce	Unmarried	−2.740	0.664	<0.001	−4.043~-1.438
		Married	−1.410	0.608	0.021	−2.603~-0.216
		Widowed	−1.055	1.020	0.301	−3.056 ~ 0.946
	Widowed	Unmarried	−1.685	0.872	0.053	−3.395 ~ 0.025
		Married	−0.355	0.830	0.669	−1.983 ~ 1.274
		Divorce	1.055	1.020	0.301	−0.946 ~ 3.056
Education	Junior middle school or below	Senior middle school	−0.378	0.226	0.094	−0.821 ~ 0.065
		Associate’s degree and above	−2.044	0.216	<0.001	−2.469~-1.620
	Senior middle school	Junior middle school and below	0.378	0.226	0.094	−0.065 ~ 0.821
		Associate’s degree and above	−1.666	0.212	<0.001	−2.082~-1.251
	Associate’s degree or above	Junior middle school and below	2.044	0.216	<0.001	1.620 ~ 2.469
		Senior middle school	1.666	0.212	<0.001	1.251 ~ 2.082
Region	Southern Anhui	Central Anhui	1.294	0.247	<0.001	0.810 ~ 1.778
		Northern Anhui	0.456	0.227	0.045	0.011 ~ 0.900
	Central Anhui	Southern Anhui	−1.294	0.247	<0.001	−1.778~-0.810
		Northern Anhui	−0.838	0.211	<0.001	−1.253~-0.424
	Northern Anhui	Southern Anhui	−0.456	0.227	0.045	−0.900~-0.011
		Central Anhui	0.838	0.211	<0.001	0.424 ~ 1.253
Residence	Rural	Urban	−1.279	0.205	<0.001	−1.682~-0.876
		Suburb	−0.933	0.238	<0.001	−1.401~-0.466
	Urban	Rural	1.279*	0.205	<0.001	0.876 ~ 1.682
		Suburb	0.346	0.256	0.177	−0.156 ~ 0.847
	Suburb	Rural	0.933	0.238	<0.001	0.466 ~ 1.401
		Urban	−0.346	0.256	0.177	−0.847 ~ 0.156

Table 3. Binary logistic regression analysis for variables and knowledge level (n = 2176)

Variables		β	SE	Wald	p	OR	95% CI
Gender	Male	Reference group
	Female	0.085	0.154	0.306	0.580	1.089	0.805 ~ 1.473
Age	≤39	Reference group
	40–49	−1.014	0.223	20.748	0.000	0.363	0.234 ~ 0.561
	≥50	−0.978	0.209	21.874	0.000	0.376	0.250 ~ 0.566
Marital status	Unmarried	Reference group
	Married	−1.297	0.421	9.471	0.002	0.273	0.120 ~ 0.624
	Divorce	−1.399	0.628	4.970	0.026	0.247	0.072 ~ 0.844
	Widowed	−1.537	0.740	4.312	0.038	0.215	0.050 ~ 0.917
Education	Junior middle school or below	Reference group
	Senior middle school	0.404	0.171	5.589	0.018	1.498	1.072 ~ 2.094
	Associate’s degree or above	1.441	0.215	44.721	0.000	4.224	2.769 ~ 6.443
Region	Southern Anhui	Reference group
	Central Anhui	−0.577	0.211	7.451	0.006	0.561	0.371 ~ 0.850
	Northern Anhui	−0.117	0.210	0.310	0.578	0.890	0.590 ~ 1.342
Residence	Rural	Reference group
	Urban	0.636	0.188	11.477	0.001	1.888	1.307 ~ 2.727
	Suburbs	0.405	0.206	3.852	0.050	1.500	1.001 ~ 2.247
Have you heard of COVID-19 vaccine before this survey?	No	Reference group
	Yes	1.260	0.372	11.472	0.001	3.525	1.700 ~ 7.308
Did you know the vaccine was effective in preventing COVID-19 before this survey?	No	Reference group
	Yes	0.661	0.311	4.512	0.034	1.937	1.052 ~ 3.564

Table 4. Knowledge scores and knowledge levels between different willingness (n = 2176)

Variables	Category	N	Percentage (%)	Knowledge scores			Knowledge level
				$\bar{x}$±s	F	p	low(%)	high(%)	χ2	p
I would like to receive C OVID-19 vaccination	Strongly disagree	38	1.7	44.55 ± 4.30	8.578	< 0.001	3(7.9)	35(92.1)	18.027	0.001
	Disagree	1	0.05	42.00			0(0.0)	1(100.0)
	Neutral	20	0.9	43.00 ± 4.13			3(15.0)	17(85.0)
	Agree	453	20.8	43.24 ± 4.67			61(13.5)	392(86.5)
	Strongly agree	1664	76.5	44.50 ± 4.06			122(7.3)	1542(92.7)
I would recommend my friends and relatives to receive COVID-19 vaccination	Strongly disagree	39	1.8	44.59 ± 4.00	18.516	< 0.001	3(7.7)	36(92.3)	46.467	< 0.001
	Disagree	6	0.3	42.17 ± 4.83			1(16.7)	5(83.3)
	Neutral	24	1.1	40.67 ± 5.29			8(33.3)	16(66.7)
	Agree	512	23.5	43.081 ± 4.85			72(14.1)	440(85.9)
	Strongly agree	1595	73.3	44.64 ± 3.90			105(6.6)	1490(93.4)
I support the promotion of COVID-19 vaccine in the world.	Strongly disagree	42	1.9	43.95 ± 4.73	20.502	< 0.001	6(14.3)	36(85.7)	50.498	< 0.001
	Disagree	7	0.3	38.14 ± 4.14			3(42.9)	4(57.1)
	Neutral	17	0.8	38.41 ± 7.83			7(41.2)	10(58.8)
	Agree	454	20.9	43.30 ± 4.68			58(12.8)	396(87.2)
	Strongly agree	1656	76.1	44.57 ± 3.93			115(6.9)	1541(93.1)

Table 5. Ordinal logistic regression analysis of willingness on knowledge levels (n = 2176)

Variables	β	SE	Wald	p	95% CI
I would like to receive COVID-19 vaccination.	−0.618	0.160	14.855	<0.001	−0.932~-0.304
I would recommend my friends and relatives to receive COVID-19 vaccination	−0.865	0.153	32.152	<0.001	−1.164~-0.566
I support the promotion of COVID-19 vaccine in the world.	−0.837	0.156	28.945	<0.001	−1.143~-0.532