Vaccinations in patients with multiple sclerosis: a real-world, single-center experience

Figures & data

Table 1. (a) Demographic and clinical features of our study population; (b) Clinical details of the patients addressed to a switch.

Demographics and disease-related data of the study population (N = 195)
Age at vaccination-start, Mean (±SD; range; IQR), years	41.7 (11.6; 17.0–73.0; 34–51)
Female patients, N (%)	126 (64.6)
Disease duration at vaccination-start, Mean (±SD), years	9.4 (10.0)
Clinical phenotype at vaccination-start
RRMS, N (%)	137 (70.1)
SPMS, N (%)	29 (14.9)
PPMS, N (%)	29 (14.9)
EDSS at vaccination-start, Median (IQR)	3.0 (1.5–4.0)
Clinical relapse within 3 months before vaccination, N (%)	38 (19.5)
MRI activity within 3 months before vaccination, N (%)	45 (23.1)
Comorbidities ≥ 3, N (%)	26 (13.3)
Number of naïve patients at vaccination-start, N (%)	36 (18.5)
Number of patients treated with a DMT at vaccination-start
First line DMT, N (%)	59 (30.3)
Second line DMT, N (%)	58 (29.7)
Previously treated but off-treatment for > 1 year, N (%)	42 (21.5)
Number of past DMTs, Mean (±SD; range)	1.0 (1.0; 0–6)
Actual therapy
Naïve, N (%)	12 (6.2)
1st-line DMT, N (%)	17 (8.7)
2nd-line DMT, N (%)	166 (85.1)
Clinical details of the patients addressed to a switch (N = 124)
Treatment condition
Naïve, N (%)	51 (26.2)
Fingolimod, N (%)	15 (7.7)
Interferon, N (%)	12 (6.2)
Dimetilfumarate, N (%)	12 (6.2)
Natalizumab, N (%)	11 (5.6)
Copaxone, N (%)	10 (5.1)
Alemtuzumab, N (%)	6 (3.1)
Cladribine, N (%)	2 (1.0)
Teriflunomide, N (%)	2 (1.0)
Azathioprine, N (%)	2 (1.0)
Rituximab, N (%)	1 (0.5)
Reasons to switch (n = 124–51, 73)
Lack of efficacy	37 (50.7)
Intolerance	15 (20.5)
Disease progression	10 (13.7)
High-risk JCV status	7 (9.6)
Pregnancy or other causes	4 (5.5)

SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range; RRMS = relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; SPMS: secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis; PPMS: primary-progressive multiple sclerosis; EDSS = expanded disability status scale; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; DMT = disease modifying therapy; JCV = John-Cunningham virus.

Figure 1. Vaccination coverage rates.

PCV13 (13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine); HiB (Haemophilius influenzae type B); MenACWY (Meningococcal group-A-C-W-Y); MenB (Meningococcal B); d1 = dose 1; d2 = dose 2; dTap (diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis).