Influenza vaccination coverage among health-care workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020/2021 influenza season: Evidence from a web-based survey in northwestern China

Figures & data

Table 1. Influenza vaccination coverage of health-care workers in 2020/2021 influenza season.

Characteristics	Category	n (%) or mean ± SD	vaccinated n (%) or mean ± SD	p (chi-square test or t test)	OR (95% CI)
Total number of subjects	-	2192	868 (39.60)	-	-
Sex	Male	440 (20.07)	143 (32.50)	0.001	Ref.
	Female	1752 (79.93)	725 (41.38)		0.888 (0.681–1.157)
Education	Junior high school and below	6 (0.27)	1 (16.67)	0.000	Ref.
	High school	110 (5.02)	59 (53.64)		0.161 (0.017–1.495)
	Junior college	809 (36.91)	363 (44.87)		0.203 (0.022–1.844)
	University degree	1223 (55.79)	436 (35.65)		0.243 (0.027–2.219)
	Master degree and above	44 (2.01)	9 (20.45)		0.443 (0.042–4.643)
Occupation	Physicians	953 (43.5)	306 (32.11)	0.000	Ref.
	Nurses	1239 (56.5)	562 (45.36)		0.833 (0.654–1.060)
Field of work	Vaccination	460 (21.0)	237 (51.52)	0.000	Ref.
	Infectious disease Department	259 (11.8)	131 (50.58)		0.915 (0.663–1.261)
	Internal medicine	695 (31.7)	253 (36.40)		1.494 (1.146–1.948)
	Pediatrics	420 (19.2)	104 (24.76)		2.091 (1.476–2.962)
	Surgery	358 (16.3)	143 (39.94)		1.373 (1.014–1.859)
Professional title	Senior	72 (3.28)	27 (37.5)	0.143	Ref.
	Vice-senior	250 (11.41)	86 (34.4)		1.000 (0.552–1.815)
	Middle	444 (20.26)	176 (39.64)		0.698 (0.375–1.300)
	Primary	914 (41.7)	355 (38.84)		0.727 (0.372–1.419)
	No title	512 (23.36)	224 (43.75)		0.725 (0.356–1.477)
Monthly average income	≤3000	645 (29.43)	295 (45.74)	0.000	Ref.
	3001–5000	1116 (50.91)	424 (37.99)		1.162 (0.914–1.477)
	5001–8000	328 (14.96)	102 (31.1)		1.287 (0.886–1.869)
	8001–1000	69 (3.15)	32 (46.38)		0.693 (0.384–1.250)
	≥10,001	34 (1.55)	15 (44.12)		0.601 (0.269–1.344)
Know the effect of influenza vaccine	Yes	1815 (82.80)	760 (41.87)	0.000	0.624 (0.486–0.802)
	No	377 (17.20)	108 (28.63)		Ref.
Age, y	-	35.60 ± 9.146	35.90 ± 9.105	0.209	0.985 (0.955–1.015)
Length of service, y	-	11.12 ± 9.420	12.58 ± 9.474	0.069	0.996 (0.968–1.026)

Table 2. Reasons for not getting influenza vaccination among health-care workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020/2021 influenza season.

Reasons for not being vaccinated^a	No.	Percentage (%)
Unnecessary	470	52.22
Lack of time	136	15.11
Lack of vaccines	103	11.44
Worried about acute adverse reactions	49	5.44
Lack of knowledge about vaccine	42	4.67
High price	40	4.44
Doubts about its safety	37	4.11
Doubts about its efficacy	23	2.56

^aThese reasons are mutually exclusive.

Table 3. Vaccination recommendations of vaccines in influenza vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups.

Vaccination recommendations^a	N (%)	IV (n, %)	INV (n, %)	p (chi-square test)
Always recommended	565 (25.78)	277 (31.91)	288 (21.75)	<0.001
Sometimes recommended	786 (35.86)	299 (34.45)	487 (36.78)
Recommended occasionally	566 (25.82)	209 (24.08)	357 (26.96)
Never recommended	275 (12.55)	83 (9.56)	192 (14.5)

^aThese choices are mutually exclusive.

Figure 1. Influenza incidence and influenza vaccination rate in Ningxia from 2016 to 2020.

Incidence of health-care workers: the proportion of health-care workers with influenza of Ningxia. Incidence of non-medical staff: the proportion of non-medical staff with influenza of Ningxia. Overall population incidence: the proportion of influenza in the whole population of Ningxia. Influenza vaccination rate: the proportion of the whole population vaccinated against influenza of Ningxia.