Immunogenicity evaluation of ChAdox1 nCov-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in solid cancer patients in Chulabhorn Hospital

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study participants.

	Cancer patients (N = 61) No. (%)	Healthy control participants (N = 122) No. (%)
Sex
- Female	33 (54.10%)	66 (54.10%)
- Male	28 (45.90%)	56 (45.90%)
Age [years], (median (IQR))	66 (62–71)	65 (61–69)
Underlying disease
- T2DM	12 (19.67%)
- HT	39 (63.93%)
- DLP	23 (37.70%)
- CKD	8 (13.11%)
- CVS	9 (16.39%)
- Other	22 (36.06%)
Cancer type
- Breast	16 (26.23%)
- Lung	17 (27.87%)
- Colon	17 (27.87%)
- Other	11 (18.03%)
Systemic treatment
- No systemic treatment	12 (19.67%)
- Hormonal treatment	7 (11.48%)
- Chemotherapy	31 (50.82%)
- Targeted treatment	9 (14.76%)
- Immunotherapy	2 (3.27%)
Chemotherapy regimen
- Taxane (Paclitaxel, Docetaxel)	7 (22.58%)
- Platinum doublet (Platinum Paclitaxel/Platinum - Pemetrexed)	4 (12.90%)
- 5FU-based chemotherapy (FOLFOX/FOLFIRI/CAPEOX)	14 (45.16%)
- Other	6 (19.35%)
Stage of cancer
- Stage 1	3 (4.92%)
- Stage 2	10 (14.75%)
- Stage 3	11 (16.39%)
- Stage 4	39 (63.93%)

IQR, interquartile range; T2DM, type II diabetes mellitus; HT, hypertension; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVS, cardiovascular disease.

Table 2. Anti-S IgG seroconversion rate following vaccination with AZD1222.

	Antibody level < 0.8 U/ml No. (%)	Antibody level ≥ 0.8 U/ml No. (%)	Odd ratio (95% CI)	p-value
Anti-S IgG seroconversion rate following first vaccination dose
Healthy control participants (122 cases)	1 (0.82%)	121 (99.18%)	Ref.
Cancer patients (61 cases)	11 (18.03%)	50 (81.97%)	0.07 (0.01–0.71)	0.025
Anti-S IgG seroconversion rate following second vaccination dose
Healthy control participants (122 cases)	1 (0.82%)	121 (99.18%)	Ref.
Cancer patients (61 cases)	4 (6.56%)	57 (93.44%)	0.39 (0.01–10.46)	0.571

Table 3. Anti-S IgG titers following vaccination with AZD1222.

	Antibody level (BAU/ml) [Geometric mean (95% CI)]	Geometric ratio (95% CI)	p-value
Anti-S IgG level following first vaccination dose
Healthy control participants (122 cases)	42.94 (33.91–54.37)	Ref.
Cancer patients (61 cases)	15.42 (8.99–26.44)	0.66 (0.31–1.42)	0.294
Anti-S IgG level following second vaccination dose
Healthy control participants (122 cases)	659.64 (532.09–817.78)	Ref.
Cancer patients (61 cases)	510.12 (271.13–959.76)	1.59 (0.73–3.46)	0.242

Table 4. Anti-S IgG titer by cancer patient subgroup.

Characteristics	Anti-S IgG level following first vaccination dose			Anti-S IgG level following second vaccination dose
	Antibody level (BAU/ml) [Geometric mean (95% CI)]	Geometric ratio (95% CI)	p-value	Antibody level (BAU/ml) [Geometric mean (95% CI)]	Geometric ratio (95% CI)	p-value
Sex
Male	7.41 (3.58–15.33)	Ref.		433.66 (180.19–1043.65)	Ref.
Female	28.72 (13.56–60.82)	3.88 (1.39–10.78)	0.010	585.48 (228.39–1500.88)	0.74 (0.21–2.61)	0.635
Cancer type
Lung cancer	21.77 (8.74–54.23)	Ref.		697.31 (211.95–2294.11)	Ref.
Breast cancer	22.18 (6.01–81.88)	1.02 (0.22–4.58)	0.980	392.48 (79.73–1932.10)	0.56 (0.09–3.68)	0.542
Colon cancer	11.70 (4.19–32.66)	0.54 (0.15–1.98)	0.344	629.81 (177.03–2241.38)	0.90 (0.17–4.70)	0.902
Systemic treatment
Hormonal treatment	79.59 (34.13–185.59)	Ref.		2891.80 (2073.19–4033.66)	Ref.
Chemotherapy	10.05 (4.29–23.56)	0.13 (0.04–0.37)	<0.001	459.86 (165.13–1280.61)	0.16 (0.06–0.46)	0.001
Targeted treatment/Immunotherapy	17.48 (4.54–67.33)	0.22 (0.06–0.86)	0.030	364.55 (63.35–2097.91)	0.13 (0.03–0.61)	<0.001
Chemotherapy regimen
Platinum doublet (Platinum Paclitaxel/Platinum - Pemetrexed)	56.32 (9.26–342.57)	Ref.		2908.13 (1232.08–6864.19)	Ref.
Taxane (Paclitaxel, Docetaxel)	7.88 (0.56–111.35)	0.14 (0.01–1.63)	0.112	164.68 (9.71–2793.41)	0.06 (0.01–0.63)	0.021
5FU-based (FOLFOX/FOLFIRI/CAPEOX)	8.44 (2.41–29.54)	0.15 (0.03–0.77)	0.025	624.57 (134.42–2902.07)	0.21 (0.04–1.05)	0.058
Stage of cancer
Non-metastatic stage	11.92 (5.05–28.15)	Ref.		469.93 (139.80–1579.64)	Ref.
Metastasis (stage 4)	17.83 (8.72–36.45)	1.50 (0.51–4.43)	0.461	534.29 (250.19–1140.98)	1.14 (0.29–4.53)	0.853

Figure 1. Side effect occurrence within 1 week of receiving a dose of AZD1222. (a–d) Side effects that occurred within 1 week following the first (a, b) or second (c, d) vaccination dose in the cancer patient group (a, c) or healthy control group (b, d).