HPV vaccination and HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP): Missed opportunities for anal cancer prevention among at risk populations

Figures & data

Figure 1. Initiation of HPV vaccination overall and by age among gay and bisexual men and transgender women who current PrEP users (N = 274).

Table 1. Sample characteristics and correlates of HPV vaccine initiation among GBM and transgender women who are currently using pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention (PrEP), N = 274.

Characteristic	Total	HPV Vaccine Initiation
		Yes	No	Crude Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)	Age-adjusted Prevalence Ratio (95% CI)
	N (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Total
Demographics
Age
18–26 (ref)	59 (21.5)	40 (67.8)	19 (32.2)	1.0
27 – 35	138 (50.4)	60 (43.5)	78 (56.5)	0.64 (0.49–0.83)
36 – 45	77 (28.1)	20 (26.0)	57 (74.0)	0.38 (0.25–0.58)
Hispanic/Latinx
No (ref)	252 (92.0)	114 (45.2)	138 (54.8)	1.0	1.0
Yes	22 (8.0)	6 (27.3)	16 (72.7)	0.60 (0.30–1.21)	0.61 (0.31–1.20)
Race
White (ref)	232 (84.7)	104 (44.8)	128 (55.2)	1.0	1.0
Black/African American	14 (5.1)	4 (28.6)	10 (71.4)	1.57 (0.68–3.64)	1.63 (0.73–3.68)
Another race	28 (10.2)	12 (42.9)	16 (57.1)	1.05 (0.67–1.64)	1.14 (0.75–1.73)
College degree
No (ref)	90 (32.9)	38 (42.2)	52 (57.8)	1.0	1.0
Yes	184 (67.1)	82 (44.6)	102 (55.4)	1.06 (0.79–1.41)	1.30 (0.99–1.70)
Financial security
No (ref)	105 (38.3)	44 (41.9)	61 (58.1)	1.0	1.0
Yes	169 (61.7)	76 (45.0)	93 (55.0)	1.07 (0.81–1.42)	1.11 (0.86–1.43)
Rural county residence
No (ref)	244 (89.0)	103 (42.2)	141 (57.8)	1.0	1.0
Yes	30 (11.0)	17 (56.7)	13 (43.3)	1.34 (0.95–1.90)	1.23 (0.91–1.66)
SOGI
Sexual orientation
Gay/Lesbian (ref)	242 (88.3)	109 (45.0)	133 (55.0)	1.0	1.0
Bisexual/Pansexual	25 (9.1)	8 (32.0)	17 (68.0)	1.41 (0.78–2.53)	1.22 (0.69–2.15)
Other	7 (2.6)	3 (42.9)	4 (57.1)	1.05 (0.44–2.50)	0.86 (0.37–2.00)
Gender identity
Cisgender Man (ref)	265 (96.7)	119 (44.9)	146 (55.1)	1.0	1.0
Transgender Woman	9 (3.3)	1 (11.1)	8 (88.9)	0.25 (0.04–1.58)	0.26 (0.04–1.61)
Healthcare utilization
Medical home
No (ref)	31 (11.3)	14 (45.2)	17 (54.8)	1.0	1.0
Yes	243 (88.7)	106 (43.6)	137 (56.4)	0.97 (0.64–1.46)	0.99 (0.68–1.44)
Flu
No (ref)	102 (37.2)	40 (39.2)	62 (60.8)	1.0	1.0
Yes	172 (62.8)	80 (46.5)	92 (53.5)	1.19 (0.89–1.59)	1.26 (0.97–1.64)
Hep A
No (ref)	91 (33.2)	20 (22.0)	71 (78.0)	1.0	1.0
Yes	183 (66.8)	100 (54.6)	83 (45.4)	2.49 (1.65–3.74)	2.60 (1.75–3.84)
STI Treatment
No (ref)	148 (54.0)	58 (39.2)	90 (60.8)	1.0	1.0
Yes	126 (46.0)	62 (49.2)	64 (50.8)	1.26 (0.96–1.64)	1.20 (0.94–1.53)
Anal Cancer Risk Factors
Tobacco cigarette user
No (ref)	234 (85.4)	104 (44.4)	130 (55.6)	1.0	1.0
Yes	40 (14.6)	16 (40.0)	24 (60.0)	0.90 (0.60–1.35)	0.93 (0.63–1.36)
Unprotected receptive anal intercourse, past year
No (ref)	82 (29.9)	29 (35.4)	53 (64.6)	1.0	1.0
Yes	192 (70.1)	91 (47.4)	101 (52.6)	1.34 (0.97–1.86)	1.24 (0.91–1.69)

Bolded prevalence ratios are statistically significant at p < .05.