Awareness and acceptance of HPV vaccination for condyloma acuminata among men who have sex with men in China

Figures & data

Table 1. Vaccination willingness of MSM with different demographic characteristics.

Variable	N	%	Willing to be vaccinated
			n (%)	P
Total	902	-	768 (85.1%)	-
Demographic characteristics
Age
18–25 years	458	50.8%	376 (82.1%)	0.068
26–30 years	258	28.6%	226 (87.6%)
31–39 years	153	17.0%	137 (89.5%)
≥41 years	33	3.7%	29 (87.9%)
Highest education level attained
Senior high school or lower	179	19.8%	147 (82.1%)	0.420
Bachelor’s degree	667	74.0%	572 (85.8%)
Master’s degree and higher	56	6.2%	49 (87.5%)
Marital status
Single	573	63.5%	497 (86.7%)	0.206
Married	294	32.6%	242 (82.3%)
Separated/Divorced	35	3.9%	29 (82.9%)
Monthly salary (RMB)
≤2000	136	15.1%	98 (72.1%)	<0.001
2000–4999	379	42.0%	325 (85.8%)
5000–9999	301	33.4%	264 (87.7%)
≥ 10,000	86	9.5%	81 (94.2%)
Self-identified sexual orientation				0.025
Homosexual	781	86.6%	671 (85.9%)
Heterosexual	0	-	-
Bisexual	85	9.4%	72 (84.7%)
Unsure	36	4.0%	25 (69.4%)

Table 2. Vaccination willingness of MSM with different sexual behaviors.

Variable	N	%	Willing to be vaccinated
			n (%)	P
Sexual behaviors
History of anal intercourse				<0.001
No	128	14.2%	94 (73.4%)
Yes	774	85.8%	674 (87.1%)
Experience of sex with fixed male sexual partners in the past 12 months				0.001
No	331	36.7	265 (80.1%)
Yes	571	63.3	503 (88.1%)
Numbers of fixed male sexual partners in the past 12 months 0.332				0.332
1	333	58.3	288 (86.5%)
2-5	198	34.7	179 (90.4%)
6-10	29	5.1	25 (86.2%)
>10	11	1.9	11 (100%)
Frequency of condom use during sex with fixed partner in the past 12 months 0.102				0.102
Every time	285	49.9	257 (90.2%)
Always	128	22.4	111 (86.7%)
Sometimes	76	13.3	61 (80.3%)
Never	82	14.4	74 (90.2%)
Experience of sex with temporary male sexual partners in the past 12 months 0.003				0.003
No	452	50.1	369 (81.6%)
Yes	450	49.9	399 (88.7%)
Numbers of temporary male sexual partners in the past 12 months 0.641				0.641
1	122	27.1	106 (86.9%)
2-5	258	57.3	232 (89.9%)
6-10	55	12.2	47 (85.5%)
>10	15	3.3	14 (93.3%)
Frequency of condom use during sex with temporary partner in the past 12 months				0.138
Every time	265	58.9	242 (91.3%)
Always	119	26.4	102 (85.7%)
Sometimes	48	10.7	41 (85.4%)
Never	18	4.0	14 (77.8%)

Table 3. Vaccination willingness of MSM with different histories of HIV and HPV infection.

Variable	N	%	Willing to be vaccinated
			n (%)	P
History of HIV infection
HIV infection status				0.001
Have never tested before	308	34.2%	244 (79.2%)
HIV negative	458	50.8%	407 (88.9%)
HIV positive	136	15.1%	117 (86.0%)
History of HPV infection
History of CA				0.003
No	705	78.2%	587 (83.3%)
Yes	197	21.8%	181 (91.9%)
Current CA†				0.503
No	77	39.1%	72 (93.5%)
Yes	120	60.9%	109 (90.8%)
Recurrent history of CA†				0.626
No	75	38.1%	68 (90.7%)
Yes	122	61.9%	113 (92.6%)
Direct source of infection of CA†				0.044
Fixed sexual partner	47	23.9%	44 (93.6%)
Nonfixed sexual partner	73	37.1%	67 (91.8%)
Business partner	30	15.2%	24 (80.0%)
Uncertain	47	23.9%	46 (97.9%)
The most bothersome thing with CA†				0.359
No specific treatment	19	9.9%	17 (89.5%)
Easy to relapse	33	17.2%	32 (97.0%)
Painful treatment	53	27.6%	46 (86.8%)
Expensive	87	45.3%	81 (93.1%)
The number of medical visits due to CA†				0.424
1–4 times	130	66.0%	118 (90.8%)
5–9 times	50	25.4%	46 (92.0%)
≥10 times	17	8.6%	17 (100%)

†Statistics were calculated based on 197 CA patients. CA: condyloma acuminata.

Table 4. Vaccination willingness of MSM with different perceptions of condyloma acuminata and HPV/CA vaccines.

Variable	N	%	Willing to be vaccinated
			n (%)	P
Perceptions of CA
Ever heard of CA				<0.001
No	153	17.0	95 (62.1%)
Yes	749	83.0	673 (89.9%)
Know the route of CA transmission				<0.001
No	372	41.2	282 (75.8%)
Yes	530	58.8	486 (91.7%)
Know the symptoms of CA				<0.001
No	363	40.2	271 (74.7%)
Yes	539	59.8	497 (92.2%)
Know the endangerments of CA				<0.001
No	405	44.9	320 (79%)
Yes	497	55.1	448 (90.1%)
Know the treatments of CA				<0.001
No	580	64.3	465 (80.2%)
Yes	322	35.7	303 (94.1%)
Perceptions of HPV/CA vaccines
Ever heard of HPV vaccine/cervical cancer vaccine?				<0.001
No	397	44.0	304 (76.6%)
Yes	505	56.0	464 (91.9%)
Can the HPV/CA vaccine prevent CA? †				0.059
No	73	14.5	63 (86.3%)
Yes	432	85.5	401 (92.8%)
Do you think the HPV/CA vaccine is safe? †				<0.001
Not very safe/not safe	71	7.9	49 (69%)
Neutral	259	28.7	215 (83%)
Very safe/safe	371	41.1	351 (94.6%)
Uncertain	201	22.3	153 (76.1%)
Do you think the HPV/CA vaccine is effective in preventing CA? †				<0.001
Not very efficacious/not efficacious	28	3.1	19 (67.9%)
Neutral	215	23.8	179 (83.3%)
Very efficacious/efficacious	483	53.6	444 (91.9%)
Uncertain	176	19.5	126 (71.6%)

†Statistics were calculated based on 505 MSM who had ever heard of HPV or cervical cancer vaccines. CA: condyloma acuminata.

Table 5. Vaccination willingness of MSM with different behavioral intentions for vaccination.

Variable	N	%	Willing to be vaccinated
			n (%)	P
Behavioral intentions to take up HPV/CA vaccines
Have any of your friends or family members received the HPV vaccine?				<0.001
No	588	65.2	490 (83.3%)
Yes	314	34.8	278 (88.5%)
Have you proactively learned about CA?				<0.001
No	353	39.1	273 (77.3%)
Yes	549	60.9	495 (90.2%)
Have you proactively learned about HPV vaccine?				<0.001
No	451	50.0	358 (79.4%)
Yes	451	50.0	410 (90.9%)
Have you received education about CA?				<0.001
No	479	53.1	384 (80.2%)
Yes	423	46.9	384 (90.8%)
Have you proactively discussed CA or the vaccine with others?				0.001
No	485	53.8	395 (81.4%)
Yes	417	46.2	373 (89.5%)

CA: condyloma acuminata.

Table 6. Factors associated with intention to receive the CA vaccine among MSM in China.

Variable	% (number of those willing to receive CA vaccination/number of MSM）	Crude odds ratio		Adjusted odds ratio
		ORc (95%CI)	P	ORa (95%CI)	P
Demographic Characteristics
Monthly salary (RMB)
≤2000	72.1% (98/136)	ref
2000–4999	85.8% (325/379)	2.3 (1.5, 3.7)	<0.001
5000–9999	87.7% (264/301)	2.8 (1.7, 4.6)	<0.001
≥ 10,000	94.2% (81/86)	6.3 (2.4, 16.7)	<0.001
Self-identified sexual orientation
Heterosexual/Unsure	69.4% (25/36)	ref
Bisexual	84.7% (72/85)	2.4 (1.0, 6.1)	0.059
Homosexual	85.9% (671/781)	2.7 (1.3, 5.6)	0.009
Sexual behaviors
History of anal intercourse
No	73.4% (94/128)	ref		ref
Yes	87.1% (674/774)	2.4 (1.6, 3.8)	<0.001	1.9 (1.1, 3.2)	0.017
Experience of sex with fixed male sexual partners in the past 12 months
No	80.1% (265/331)	ref
Yes	88.1% (503/571)	1.8 (1.3, 2.7)	0.001
Experience of sex with temporary male sexual partners in the past 12 months
No	81.6% (369/452)	ref
Yes	88.7% (399/450)	1.8 (1.2, 2.6)	0.003
History of HIV
HIV testing status
Have never tested before	79.2% (244/308)	ref		ref
HIV negative	88.9% (407/458)	2.1 (1.4, 3.1)	<0.001	1.4 (0.9, 2.3)	0.121
HIV positive	86.0% (117/136)	1.6 (0.9, 2.8)	0.092	1.2 (0.6, 2.2)	0.564
History of HPV
History of CA
No	83.3% (587/705)	ref
Yes	91.9% (181/197)	2.3 (1.3, 3.9)	0.003
Perceptions of CA
Ever heard of CA
No	62.1% (95/153)	ref		ref
Yes	89.9% (673/749)	5.4 (3.6, 8.1)	<0.001	2.9 (1.9, 4.6)	<0.001
Know the routes of transmission of CA
No	75.8% (282/372)	ref
Yes	91.7% (486/530)	3.5 (2.4, 5.2)	<0.001
Know the symptoms of CA
No	74.7% (271/363)	ref
Yes	92.2% (497/539)	4.0 (2.7, 6.0)	<0.001
Know the risks of CA
No	79.0% (320/405)	ref
Yes	90.1% (448/497)	2.4 (1.7, 3.6)	<0.001
Know the treatments for CA
No	80.2% (465/580)	ref		ref
Yes	94.1% (303/322)	3.9 (2.4, 6.5)	<0.001	2.0 (1.2, 3.6)	0.011
Perceptions of HPV/CA vaccines
Ever heard of available HPV vaccine/cervical cancer vaccine abroad?
No	76.6% (304/397)	ref		ref
Yes	91.9% (464/505)	3.5 (2.3, 5.1)	<0.001	1.9 (1.2, 3.0)	0.004
Behavioral intention to take up HPV/CA vaccine
Have any of your friends or family members received the HPV vaccine?
No	83.3% (490/588)	ref
Yes	88.5% (278/314)	1.5 (1.0, 2.3)	0.036
Have you proactively learned about CA?
No	77.3% (273/353)	ref
Yes	90.2% (495/549)	2.7 (1.8, 3.9)	<0.001
Have you proactively learned about HPV vaccine?
No	79.4% (358/451)	ref
Yes	90.9% (410/451)	2.6 (1.8, 3.9)	<0.001
Have you received education about CA?
No	80.2% (384/479)	ref		ref
Yes	90.8% (384/423)	2.4 (1.6, 3.6)	<0.001	1.9 (1.2, 3.0)	0.004
Have you proactively discussed CA or the vaccine with others?
No	81.4% (395/485)	ref
Yes	89.5% (373/417)	1.9 (1.3, 2.8)	0.001

CA – condyloma acuminata.

Data availability statement

Authorization to access the data may be considered by the authors upon reasonable requests. Requests to access these datasets should be directed to the corresponding author, [email protected].