Association between vaccine dose and risk of hepatitis B virus infection in Fujian Province, China

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow chart of the study.

Table 1. General characteristics and hepatitis B viral infection outcomes by dose of hepatitis B vaccine.

General characteristics or outcomes		Dose of hepatitis B vaccine			P value
		5μg (N = 919)	10μg (N = 891)	Unknown (N = 210)
		No. (%)	No. (%)	No. (%)
Urban residents		373 (40.6)	360 (40.4)	75 (35.7)	.41
Birth year					<.001
	<2002	144 (15.7)	8 (0.9)	176 (83.8)
	≥2002	775 (84.3)	883 (99.1)	34 (16.2)
Male		467 (50.8)	463 (52.0)	106 (50.5)	.86
Han ethnicity		911 (99.1)	878 (98.5)	208 (99.0)	.48
Birth place					<.001
	Hospital	807 (87.8)	882 (99.0)	46 (21.9)
	Home	6 (0.7)	8 (0.9)	0 (0)
	Unknown	106 (11.5)	1 (0.1)	164 (78.1)
Mother’s HBsAg					<.001
	Negative	478 (52.0)	613 (68.8)	26 (12.4)
	Positive	61 (6.6)	82 (9.2)	3 (1.4)
	Unknown	380 (41.3)	196 (22.0)	181 (86.2)
HBV infection		35 (3.8)	5 (0.6)	109 (51.9)	<.001
HBsAg carrier		9 (1.0)	2 (0.2)	14 (6.7)	<.001
Anti-HBc positive		35 (3.8)	5 (0.6)	86 (35.5)	<.001

Figure 2. Association of vaccine dose with the risk of HBV infection, HBsAg carrier, and anti-HBc positive.

Adjusted OR was estimated after controlling for resident (urban or rural), birth year (<2002, ≥2002), gender (male or female), birth place (hospital, home, or unknown), mother’s status of HBsAg (negative, positive, or unknown).

Table 2. Sensitivity analysis for the risk of HBV infection and HBsAg carriage.

Dose of hepatitis B vaccine	No. of subjects (no. of cases, prevalence)	HBV infection
		Unadjusted OR	P value	Adjusted OR	P value
5 μg	682 (12; 1.8%)	Reference		Reference
10 μg	850 (5; 0.6%)	0.33 (0.12–0.94)	0.038	0.33 (0.11–0.98)	.046
		HBsAg carriage
		Unadjusted OR	P value	Adjusted OR	P value
5 μg	682 (4; 0.6%)	Reference		Reference
10 μg	850 (2; 0.2%)	0.40 (0.07–2.19)	.29	0.31 (0.05–1.94)	.21
		Anti-HBc positive
		Unadjusted OR	P value	Adjusted OR	P value
5 μg	682 (12; 1.8%)	Reference		Reference
10 μg	850 (5; 0.6%)	0.33 (0.12–0.94)	.038	0.36 (0.12–1.07)	.067

Adjusted factors included resident (urban or rural), birth year (<2002, ≥2002), gender (male or female), birth place (hospital, home, or unknown), mother’s status of HBsAg (negative, positive, or unknown).

Table 3. Stratification analyses on the risk of HBV infection and HBsAg carriage according to mother’s HBsAg status and survey time.

Outcomes	Dose of hepatitis B vaccine	Mother’s HBsAg status				Survey time
		Negative (N = 1117)		Positive (N = 146)		2014 (N = 1013)		2020 (N = 1007)
		Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)*	P value	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)*	P value	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)*	P value	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)*	P value
HBV infection	5 μg^#	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
	10 μg^#	0.57 (0.13–2.58)	.47	0.27 (0.03–2.78)	.27	0.53 (0.06–5.11)	.58	0.27 (0.07–1.12)	.071
	5 μg^&	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
	10 μg^&	0.49 (0.11–2.20)	.35	0.24 (0.02–2.55)	.24	0.49 (0.05–4.95)	.55	0.23 (0.06–0.92)	.038
HBsAg carriage	5 μg^#	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
	10 μg^#	–	–	0.44 (0.04–5.4)	.52	1.80 (0.17–19.46)	.63	0.26 (0.02–4.13)	.26
	5 μg^&	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
	10 μg^&	–	–	0.40 (0.03–4.87)	.47	1.63 (0.14–18.69)	.69	0.24 (0.02–3.90)	.24
Anti-HBc positive	5 μg^#	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
	10 μg^#	0.54 (0.12–2.45)	.43	0.27 (0.03–2.82)	.27	0.49 (0.05–5.19)	.56	0.23 (0.06–0.96)	.043
	5 μg^&	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
	10 μg^&	0.46 (0.10–2.07)	.31	0.24 (0.02–2.60)	.24	0.51 (0.05–5.52)	.58	0.20 (0.05–0.81)	.025

*Adjusted for resident (urban or rural), birth year (<2002 or ≥2002), gender (male or female), and birth place (hospital, home, or unknown) in the stratification analysis by the mother’s status of HBsAg (negative or positive). For the survey time stratification, the mother’s HBsAg status (positive, negative, or unknown), resident, gender, and birth place were included in the model.

^#Referred to the treated dose of hepatitis B vaccine; ^&Referred to the surveyed dose of hepatitis B vaccine.

Data availability statement

The datasets used in the present study are available from the corresponding author ([email protected] or [email protected]) on reasonable request only.