Assessment of COVID-19 vaccine take-up and its predictors among healthcare professionals in public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Facility-based cross-sectional study

Figures & data

Table 1. Socio-demographic and economic characteristics of healthcare professionals in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent (%)
Age	21–30	167	42.8
	31–40	124	31.8
	41–50	75	19.2
	51–60	24	6.2
Sex	Male	202	51.8
	Female	188	42.2
Religion	Orthodox	171	43.8
	Protestant	92	23.8
	Muslim	91	23.3
	Catholic	12	3.1
	Wakefata	24	6.2
Marital Status	Single	172	44.1
	Married	126	32.3
	Divorced	45	11.5
	Widowed	47	12
Educational Status	Diploma	26	6.7
	Degree(BSc)	235	60.3
	MSc degree	40	10.3
	MD/GP	75	19.2
	MD/GP + MSc	12	3.1
	Specialty and above	2	.5
Family size	<5	210	53.8
	>5	180	46.2
Monthly income (in ETB)	1651–3200	26	6.7
	3201–5250	80	20.5
	5251–7800	102	26.2
	7801–10,900	138	35.4
	> 10,900	44	11.3

Table 2. Professional and work area characteristics of healthcare professionals in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent (%)
Place of work	Tirunesh Dibaba Hospital	77	19.7
	Minilik Hospital	76	19.5
	Mehetem Gandhi Hospital	25	6.4
	Yekatit 12 Hospital	58	14.9
	Zewditu Hospital	78	20.0
	Ras Desta Hospital	76	19.5
Profession	Nurse	152	39.0
	Midwifery	47	12.1
	MD/GP	100	25.6
	MLT	6	1.5
	Public Health	45	11.5
	Pharmacy	32	8.2
	Anesthetics	4	1.0
	Radiology	2	0.5
	Others*	2	0.5
Work experience (in years)?	<10	250	64.1
	>10	140	35.9
Expertise of staff	Academic staff only	56	14.4
	Academic staffs working on university hospital	111	28.5
	Clinical staff only	219	56.2
	Health Office Staffs	4	1.0
Working or unit of work (current role)	Triage	19	4.8
	Emergency room	38	9.7
	OPD	36	9.2
	Laboratory room	14	3.5
	Ward	64	16.4
	OR	14	3.5
	Non-clinical area	84	21.5
	Dispensary	21	5.3

*Ophthalmology, dentistry.

Table 3. Health status and exposure related factors of healthcare professionals in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent (%)
Current health status	Health	340	87.2
	Not healthy	7	1.8
	Not sure	43	11.0
Health status (perceived) of yourself for COVID-19	Healthy	321	82.3
	Not healthy	11	2.8
	Not sure	58	14.9
Tested for COVID-19	Yes	248	63.6
	No	142	36.4
Tested positive for COVID-19?	Yes	81	20.7
	No	309	79.2
Perceived severity of COVID-19 infection	High/Sever	12	14.8
	Moderate	63	77.8
	Low/mild	6	7.4
Ever been treated poorly	Yes	9	11.1
	No	67	82.7
	Not Sure	5	6.2
Family member was tested for COVID-19	Yes	268	68.7
	No	122	31.3
Any family members (at least one) ever been tested positive for COVID-19	Yes	122	31.3
	No	268	68.7
Have you any know chronic disease	Yes	44	11.3
	No	334	85.6
	Not Sure	12	3.1
Type of chronic illnesses do you have today	Diabetes Mellitus	16	36.4
	Hypertension	18	40.9
	Lung Disease	6	13.6
	Renal Disease	1	2.3
	Cardiovascular Disease	3	6.8
Household member with chronic illness(at least one) today	Yes	99	25.4
	No	265	67.9
	Not Sure	26	6.7
Have you children less than 5 years old	Yes	100	25.6
	No	290	74.4
Have they been vaccinated for other diseases	Yes	71	71
	No	6	6
	Not up to-date	23	23
Have you ever received any vaccine before as an adult	Yes	280	71.8
	No	110	28.2
Ever been involved in COVID-19 isolation center or care	Yes	134	34.4
	No	256	65.6
Ever taken care(previous contact) of the confirmed COVID-19	Yes, I have direct patient contact	214	54.9
	Yes, but no direct patient contact	81	20.8
	No contact	95	24.4
Perceived risk of getting COVID-19 currently	No, I am confident I won’t get infected	135	34.6
	I believe I already have the disease and I am immune to it(not diagnosed by a test)	73	18.7
	No, I already have recovered and won’t get re-infected(diagnosed by a test)	26	6.7
	Yes, I am concerned that I will get mild symptoms which will probably not require hospitalization	116	29.7
	Yes, I am concerned that I will get moderate symptoms which will probably need hospitalization	22	5.6
	Yes, I am concerned that I will get severe symptom which will probably require admission to the intensive care unit	18	4.6

Table 4. Awareness, knowledge and perceptions of healthcare professionals toward COVID-19 vaccine in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent (%)
Heard about COVID-19 vaccine	Yes	382	97.9
	No	8	2.1
Where did you hear	Official media (Gov’t)	45	11.7
	Social media	223	58.4
	Health professionals	94	24.6
	Neighbor	5	1.3
	Religion organizations	15	3.9
Do you think COVID-19 have specific treatment	Yes	252	64.6
	No	90	23.1
	Not sure	48	12.3
Is the vaccine available for you to get at your work place	Yes	308	79.0
	No	54	13.8
	Not sure	28	7.2
Concern about getting COVID-19	Not at all concerned	68	17.4
	A little concerned	89	22.8
	Moderately concerned	119	30.5
	Very concerned	114	29.2
Concern about close family and friends getting COVID-19 from you	Not concerned	50	12.8
	A little concerned	91	23.3
	Moderately concerned	95	24.4
	Very concerned	154	39.5
Concern about your patients getting COVID-19 from you	Not concerned	62	15.9
	A little concerned	88	22.6
	Moderately concerned	113	29.0
	Very concerned	127	32.6
Close family and friend would want you to get a COVID-19 vaccine	Yes	233	59.7
	No	123	31.5
	Not sure	34	8.7
Getting COVID-19 vaccine will allow you to safely see your family and friend again	Yes	239	61.3
	No	74	19.0
	Not sure	77	19.7
Community leaders or religious leaders would want you to get a COVID-19 vaccine	Yes	168	43.1
	No	116	29.7
	Not sure	106	27.2
A COVID-19 vaccine will be for your health	Not at all important	37	9.5
	A little important	100	25.6
	Moderately important	164	42.1
	Very important	89	22.8
Getting a COVID-19 vaccine for yourself will protect other people in your community form covid-19	Not at all	31	7.9
	A little	94	24.1
	Moderately	154	39.5
	Very much	111	28.5
The preventability of the current COVID-19 vaccine from COVID-19 infection	High or very high	71	18.2
	Moderate or medium	239	61.3
	Low or very low	80	20.5
COVID-19 vaccination should be mandatory for HCPs	Yes	306	78.5
	No	84	21.5

Figure 1. Level of knowledge toward COVID-19 vaccine in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Figure 2. COVID-19 vaccine take-up among healthcare professionals in public hospital of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Table 5. Willingness to take COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare professionals in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent (%)
Have you been vaccinated with any of COVID-19 vaccine at least once	Yes	277	71.0
	No	113	29.0
Reason to take	To protect my self	198	71.5
	To protect my family	41	14.8
	To protect my patients	3	1.1
	To contribute to the control of the pandemic	35	12.6
Reasons for refusing COVID-19 vaccination	Concerns about vaccine efficacy	69	61.1
	Concern about vaccine safety	35	30.9
	Perception that COVID-19 is not a dangerous disease	4	3.5
	Not enough information about the vaccine	5	4.5

Table 6. Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine take-up among healthcare professionals in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 390).

Variable	Categories	Vaccine Take-up		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
		Yes N (%)	No N (%)
Age	21–30	114(41.2)	53(46.9)	1	1
	31–40	81(29.2)	43(38.1)	1.14(0.69,1.86)	0.69(0.27,1.76)
	41–50	61(22.0)	14(12.4)	0.49(0.25,0.96)	0.90(0.25,3.24)
	51–60	21(7.6)	3(2.7)	0.30(0.08,1.07)	0.35(0.03,3.45)
Sex	Male	142(51.3)	60(53.1)	1.07(0.69,1.66)	0.89(0.38,2.04)
	Female	135(48.7)	53(46.9)	1	1
Religion	Orthodox	111(40.1)	60(53.1)	1	1
	Protestant	74(26.7)	18(15.9)	0.45(0.24,0.82)	0.96(0.38,2.44)
	Muslim	61(22.0)	30(26.5)	0.91(0.53,1.55)	0.54(0.18,1.62)
	Catholic	9(3.2)	3(2.7)	0.61(0.16,2.36)	2.12(0.20,22.15)
	Wakefata	22(7.9)	2(1.8)	0.16(0.03,0.74)	0.02(0.001,0.58)
Marital Status	Single	97(35.0)	75(66.4)	1	1
	Married	102(36.8)	24(21.2)	11.34(3.38–37.94)	10.79(1.32–18.05)*
	Divorced	34(12.3)	11(9.7)	3.40(0.98–12.06)	2.33(0.25–21.18)
	Widowed	44(15.9)	3(2.7)	4.74(1.22–18.35)	2.99(0.28–31.09)
Educational Status	Diploma	27(9.7)	10(8.8)	1	1
	BSc Degree	99(35.7)	42(37.2)	2.22(0.61–18.35)	1.69(0.09–30.43)
	MSc Degree	30(10.8)	16(14.2)	2.54(0.83–7.78)	7.78(2.08–15.1.6)*
	MD/GP	66(23.8)	23(20.4)	3.20(0.94–10.84)	5.88(1.60–15.54)*
	MD/GP/MSc	19(6.9)	10(8.8)	2.09(0.65–6.67)	9.63(2.17–17.76)*
	PHD	12(4.3)	8(7.1)	3.15(0.85–11.66)	13.33(1.23–24.21)*
	Specialist/above	24(8.7)	4(3.5)	4.00(1.00–15.99)	3.45(2.34–42.8)*
Work experience (in years)	<10	170(61.4)	80(70.8)	1	1
	>10	107(38.6)	33(29.2)	0.65(0.40,1.05)	1.01(0.41,2.48)
Perceived severity of COVID-19 infection	High/sever	88(45.6)	17(30.4)	1	1
	Moderate	79(40.9)	22(39.3)	0.29 (0.13–0.65)	0.23(0.08–0.65)*
	Low/mild	26(13.5)	17(30.4)	0.42(0.19–0.92)	0.28(0.11–0.74)*
Have you been tested for COVID-19	Yes	193(69.7)	55(48.7)	0.41(0.26,0.64)	0.21(0.01,2.56)
	No	84(30.3)	58(51.3)	1	1
Level of knowledge to ward COVID-19 vaccine	Good	253(91.3)	82(72.6)	1	1
	Poor	24(8.7)	31(27.4)	0.25(0.13–0.45)	0.03(0.01–0.12)**

*p < .05, **p < .001 and 1-Reference categories.