Vaccine coverage and factors associated with vaccine adherence in persons with HIV at an urban infectious disease clinic

Figures & data

Figure 1. The vaccination rate among eligible patients.

All patients (n = 653) were eligible for vaccination with Influenza, PCV13/PPSV23 (Pneumococcal conjugate and polysaccharide), and Tdap/Td (Tetanus, Diphtheria, with/without acellular pertussis vaccines). The number of eligible patients based on age or serostatus was as follows: HAV (hepatitis A virus) 264; HBV (hepatitis B virus) 304; HPV (human papillomavirus) 84; and ZVL/ZVR (zoster virus live/zoster virus recombinant): 341. Column “All” indicates adherence to all vaccinations for which the patient was eligible.

Table 1. Characteristics of patients adherent and non-adherent to all vaccines.

Variables	Total population n = 653	Adherent group n = 411	Non-adherent group n = 242	p-Value
Age, y, mean ± SD	50 (13)	49 (13)	50 (13)	.243
Age ≥50 y (%)	347 (53)	199 (48)	148 (61)	.002
Male sex, n (%)	513 (78.6)	335 (81.5)	178 (73.6)	.017
Race/ethnicity, n (%)
Black	485 (74.3)	304	181	.815
White	106 (16.2)	70	36	.471
Other or unknown	62 (9.5)	37	25	.576
Education
Did not graduate high school, n (%)	109 (16.71)	69 (16.87)	40 (16.44)	.630
High school or some college, n (%)	427 (65.32)	267 (65.06)	159 (65.78)	.466
College, n (%)	117 (17.96)	75 (18.07)	43 (17.78)	.802
Household income, thousand USD median (IQR)	34.3 (26.0–47.6)	34.3 (27.2–48.8)	33.6 (25.1–45.2)	.216
Detroit city resident, n (%)	376 (57.6)	232 (56.4)	144 (59.5)	.257
Distance from clinic, miles, median (IQR)	6.8 (3.8–10.6)	6.9 (4.0–10.6)	6.9 (3.7–10.6)	.761
Primary Care in HFH system, n (%)	569 (87.1)	375 (91.2)	194 (80.1)	<.001
MSM, n (%)	302 (46.2)	213 (51.8)	89 (36.8)	<.001
Person who injects drugs, n (%)	14 (2.1)	8 (1.9)	6 (2.5)	.781
Number of ID clinic visits per year ≥2%)	301 (46)	234 (57)	67 (28)	<.001
CD4 cell/mm^3 median (IQR)^a	410 (240–638)	425 (271–652)	376 (161–601)	.011
CD4 >200 cell/mm^3, n (%)^a	505 (77.3)	337 (82.0)	168 (69.4)	<.001
HIV RNA <20 copies/ml, n (%)^a	265 (40.6)	176 (42.8)	89 (36.8)	.129

SD, standard deviation; USD, United States Dollars; IQR, interquartile range; HFH, Henry Ford Health; MSM, men who have sex with men; ID, infectious diseases. ^aDetermined at entry into care.

Table 2. Odds ratio of factors associated with adherence to all vaccines.

Variables	Odds ratio	95% Confidence interval	p Value
Age ≥50 y	0.51	0.35–0.75	.001
Male sex	1.56	0.95–2.58	.080
MSM status	1.17	0.75–1.83	.483
CD4 >200 cell/mm^3 at entry into care	1.91	1.24–2.94	.003
Primary care in the HFH system	2.89	1.71–5.00	<.001
Two or more ID clinic visits in a calendar year	3.45	2.36–5.05	<.001

MSM: men who have sex with men; HFH: Henry Ford Health; ID infectious diseases.