Toward an effective analysis of public transportation demand factors in car-dependent cities: case of Makkah City, Saudi Arabia

Figures & data

Figure 1. Location of Makkah City

Table 1. Social need indicators

Indicator	Definition	Scores and standardization
Population density ($PD{I}_i$)	$PDIi=\frac{P_i}{A_i}$where $\mathrm{P}\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{I}}_i$ is the population density indicator for district $i$, $P_i$ is the total population of district $i$, and $A_i$ is the area of district $i$ in hectares	(3) High: >150 persons/ha (2) Moderate: 75–150 persons/ha (1) Low: <75 persons/ha
Car ownership ($CO{I}_i$)	Average number of cars per family in district $i$	(3) High: 1 car (2) Moderate: 2 cars (1) Low: >2 cars
Family size ($FS{I}_i$)	Average family size in district $i$	(3) High: >4 persons (2) Moderate: 3–4 persons (1) Low: ≤3 persons

* Makkah Urban Observatory (2013).

Figure 2. Public transport service lines in Makkah

Figure 3. Volume to capacity ratio (based on: MMM Group and Moriyama & Teshima Planners & Transport Plan Volume, 2011)

Figure 4. Makkah land use map

Table 2. Indicators of public transportation demand in Makkah City

		High			Moderate				Low
Indicator		Districts	Population	%		Districts	Population	%	Districts	Population	%
Social need	PDI	15	503,992	32.55		12	247,830	16.00	32	796,704	51.45
	COI	28	661,750	42.73		9	267,337	17.26	22	619,439	40.00
	FSI	44	1,111,585	71.78		11	321,541	20.76	4	115,400	7.45
Network need	CovI	41	1,168,236	75.44		9	286,607	18.51	9	93,683	6.05
	ConI	40	962,964	62.19		14	379,832	24.53	5	205,730	13.29
Land use	MluI	12	217,186	14.03		16	387,355	25.01	31	943,985	60.96
Composite	CPTDI	33	862,097	55.67		21	525,406	33.93	5	161,023	10.40

Figure 5. PDI results

Figure 6. COI results

Figure 7. FSI results

Figure 8. CovI results

Figure 9. ConI results

Figure 10. MluI results

Figure 11. CPTDI results

Makkah Urban Observatory. (2013). Districts indicators.

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MMM Group and Moriyama & Teshima PlannersTransport Plan Volume. (2011). Comprehensive plan for Makkah and Mashaer. MMM Group.

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