An empirical study of riverbank erosion in Charbhadrasan Upazila of Faridpur District, Bangladesh

Figures & data

Figure 1. Total Catchment Area of the GBM River Systems.

Source: Banglapedia, 2006, cited in Uddin and Basak.

Figure 2. Riverbank-Erosion-Prone Areas in Bangladesh.

Source: Bangladesh Water Development Board.

Figure 3. Study Area.

Source: Modified base map of LGED, 2014.

Figure 4. Satellite Images of Study Area since 1972–2014.

Source: USGS Earth Explorer

Table 1. Detailed information of the satellite images used in this study.

Space Craft ID	Sensor ID	Acquisition Date	Spatial Regulation	Band Number
Lansat-1	MSS	1972/12/28	60 Meter	1,2,3
Landsat-3	MSS	1980/02/20	60 Meter	1,2,3
Landsat-4	TM	1989/02/13	30 Meter	1,2,3,4
Lansat-7	ETM+	1999/11/24	30 Meter	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
Landsat-7	ETM+	2003/03/24	30 Meter	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
Landsat-5	TM	2005/11/16	30 Meter	1,2,3,4
Landsat-8	OLI	2014/03/30	30 Meter	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Table 2. Eroded Village/Mouza in the study area.

Name of Union	Name of Village/Mouza (Year)
Charbhadrasan	Tamij khardangi (1988), Darajuddin Mollardangi (2004), Wajuddin Munshirdangi (1998), Haji Noju Mollardangi (1998), Yusuf Sikdardangi (1998), Tilarchar (Some part-2004), Mathabhanga (Some part-1998–2000), Hajidangi (Some part-2002–04).
Char Harirampur	Eman Khardangi (1988), Chitadangi (1988), Joinuddin Mollardangi (1988), Samir Beparirdangi (1988–91), Brojobabashi Beparidangi (1988–91), Golap Khardangi (1991), Lalchan Sakdarerdangi (1988–91), Sadari Bishwaserdagi (1991), Aminkhardangi (1996–98), Akbar Matbarerdangi (1996–98), Nodoynatherdangi (1997), Bipinbairagirdangi (1998), Asoruddin Sikdardangi (1998), Abdul Beparidangi (1998), Nimaikhardangi (1998), Khonkerdangi (Some part-1998), Biramdi matbarerdangi (1998), Saber Pramanikdangi (1998) Daidangi (1998), Abed Matbarerdangi (1998), Alfu Matbarerdangi (1999), Sabulla Sikdardangi (1998), Asi mollerdangi (1998), Bisoi Matbarerdangi (Some part-1998–2000).
Gazirtek	Char Mahanmia (1992), Baudhyadangi (1998–2000), Majidangi (2000–01), Kanairtek Sam (2000–01), Bango Mandolerdangi (2001), Ramesh Balardangi (2001), Satghar (2002), Harun Sarkarerdangi (2002), Bango Sarkarerdangi (2002), Goni Matbarerdangi (2002–03), Chandullar Molladangi (2001), Char Hajiganj (2002), Joydeb Pramanikerdangi (2002), Deben Mondalerdangi (2002), Hajidangi (2002), Rahman Pramanikerdangi (2002) Khalasidangi (2002), Kadam Matbarerdangi (2002), Madhu Fakirerdangi (Some part-2004–11), Joydeb Sarkarerdangi (Some part-2004–11), Hajiganj Bazar (2004).
Char Jhaukanda	Kalyanpur (1998), Reji Chowkidardangi (1998), Mazid Beparirdangi (1998), Chowdhurydangi (1998–2000), Diara Jhaukanda (1998–2000), Dhonai Mridhardangi East (2000), Saher Molladangi (2009), Nurul Hudardangi (2009), Latif Mridhardandi (2009), Halim Fakirerdangi & Halu Fakirerdangi (2012), Munshidangi & Guchchhogram (2013).

Source: FGD, December 2013

Table 3. Land erosion of Charbhadrasan Upazila (2004–13).

Year	Land (ha)
	Total area (ha)	Settlement (ha)	District Road (m)
2013	12	3	-
2012	32	3	-
2011	69	6	-
2010	14	4	-
2009	39	6	-
2008	10	6	-
2007	5	1	-
2004	78	17	320

Note: Ha and m mean hectare and meter, respectively.

Source: CEGIS, 2004–13

Table 4. Erosion vulnerability assessment of Charbhadrasan Upazila (2005–13).

Year	Nature of eroded land	Vulnerability to land erosion
		70%	50%	30%
2012	Agricultural Land (ha)	24	33	43
2011	Agricultural Land (ha)	2	3	4
2010	Agricultural Land (ha)	2	4	7
2009	Agricultural Land (ha)	8	10	12
	Settlement (ha)	2	2	3
2008	Agricultural Land (ha)	17	22	26
	Settlement (ha)	9	10	12
	District Road (m)	700	770	770
2007	Agricultural Land (ha)	11	17	25
	Settlement (ha)	3	5	10
	District Road (m)	380	940	940
2005	Agricultural Land (ha)	59	82	112
	Settlement (ha)	10	16	23
	District Road (m)	770	1220	2060

Note: Ha and m mean hectare and meter, respectively.

Source: CEGIS (2005–13)

Table 5. Perceived causes of riverbank erosion.

Causes of Riverbank Erosion	Frequency (N = 78)	Percentage (%)
Fast River Current	74	94.87
Water Pressure	70	89.74
Flood	72	92.31
Char Formation	63	80.77
Channel Shifting	37	47.44

Note: Multiple responses considered

Source: FGD, December 2013

Table 6. Most affected year of land erosion.

Name of Union	The Most Affected Year of Erosion
Charbhadrasan	1998, 2002–04
Char Harirampur	1988, 1998
Gazirteck	2002–05
Char Jhaukanda	1998, 2009–10

Source: FGD, December, 2013

Table 7. Monthly average water discharge (m³/sec) at Baruria station.

Month		Year
		1988	1998	2004	2010
January		6805	-	7704.00	6318.91
February		5795	-	6320.00	5015.81
March		7637	-	5661.00	4924.77
April		10,135	-	11,750.50	18,083.97
May		17,200	-	20,626.50	26,266.19
June	Monsoon season	38,220	39,461	33,053.50	37,859.00
July		69,400	81,607	944,352.00	60,746.63
August		88,400	105,858	65,322.75	51,117.34
September		87,780	110,094	57,183.20	77,820.25
October		41,975	47,292	537,975.00	35,575.61
November		15,500	26,769	19,368.50	16,360.65
December		40,800	13,298	11,470.00	10,434.12

Source: BWDB, 2013

Figure 5. Preventive Measures of Riverbank Erosion.

Note: Multiple responses considered

Source: Field Survey, December 2013

Figure 6. Block Embankment along Bank Line of Padma River in Study Area.

Source: Field Survey, December 2013

CEGIS. (2005, September). Developing empirical methods for prediction morphology changes in the Padma River. In Jamuna-Meghna river Mitigation project. : Centre for Environmental and Geographic Information, 3–5.

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