Predictors of distractive activities to walking in Accra, Ghana

Figures & data

Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents.

Variable	Measure	Frequency	Percentages
Sex	Male	198	50.5
	Female	202	49.5
	Total	400	100
Age	16–26 years	124	31
	27–37 years	92	23
	38–48 years	141	35.3
	49–59 years	38	9.5
	60 or more years	5	1.3
	Total	400	100
Marital status	Married	210	52.5
	Single	142	35.5
	Divorced	48	12
	Total	400	100
Religion	Christian	245	61.3
	Muslim	101	25.3
	Traditionalist	53	13.3
	Deism (Others)	1	.3
	Total	400	100
Education	No formal education	46	11.5
	Primary	71	17.8
	Junior High School	34	8.5
	Senior High/Vocational/Technical	133	33.3
	Tertiary	116	29.0
	Total	400	100
Occupation	Private informal employment	211	52.8
	Private formal employment	118	29.5
	Public formal employment	56	14.0
	Public informal employment	15	3.8
	Total	400	100
Residence	Rural area	90	22.5
	Urban area	310	77.5
	Total	400	100
Observed Disability	No	385	96.3
	Yes	15	3.8
	Total	400	100
Reasons for walking	Daily commuting	193	48.3
	Making a short trip to a specific point in the city	34	8.5
	As a part of their job	173	43.3
	Total	400	100
Hours spent walking per week	1–5 hrs	94	23.5
	6–10 hrs	167	41.8
	11–15 hrs	139	34.8
	Total	400	100
Length of most common walking trip	0–15 minutes	83	20.8
	16–30 minutes	185	46.3
	31–45 minutes	106	26.5
	46–60 minutes	26	6.5
	Total	400	100

Figure 1. Ranking of distractive activities to walking.

Source: Fieldwork, 2021

Table 2. Binary logistic regression analysis on pedestrians’ engagement in distractive activities to walking.

Variable	p	Odds ratio	Confidence Interval
			Lower limit	Upper limit
Gender:
Female	Ref
Male	0.016 *	2.20	1.16135	4.1818
Age category
16–26 years	Ref
27–37 years	0.390	0.66	0.25836	1.6955
38–48 years	0.582	1.29	0.52099	3.1933
49–59 years	<.001 **	12.30	3.09036	48.9638
60 or more years	0.604	0.39	0.01104	13.7212
Religion
Christian	Ref
Muslim	0.957	0.98	0.47873	2.0077
Traditionalist	0.412	1.53	0.55544	4.2002
Others	0.989	0.00	0.00000	Inf
Marital status
Married	Ref
Single	0.275	1.56	0.70293	3.4525
Divorced	0.168	2.11	0.73132	6.0608
Education
No formal education	Ref
Primary	0.248	0.41	0.08949	1.8649
Junior High School	0.201	2.65	0.59425	11.8465
Senior High School	0.044*	4.56	1.04373	19.9062
Tertiary	0.700	1.28	0.37090	4.3830
Occupation
Private Informal	Ref
Private formal	0.590	0.62	0.11037	3.5025
Public informal	<.001**	13.29	16.59522	1064.3168
Public formal	<.001**	0.00	1.87e-4	0.0664
Residence
Rural area	Ref
Urban area	0.900	1.05	0.52132	2.0982
Observed Disability
No	Ref
Yes	0.708	1.43	0.22103	9.2263
Reasons for walking
Daily commuting	Ref
Short trip to a specific point in the city	0.966	0.97	0.24919	3.7801
As a part of job routine	<0.001**	13.54	2.93342	62.4720
Time spent walking (Weekly)
1–5 hours	Ref
6–10 hours	<.001**	0.01	0.00153	0.0506
11–15 hours	0.087	0.22	0.03924	1.2445
Walking time for common trips
0–15 minutes	Ref
16–30 minutes	<.001**	7.04	17.16630	288.4098
31–45 minutes	<.001**	4.22	68.05334	3139.0748
46–60 minutes	<.001**	3.05	944.17851	469464.8719
Pseudo R^2	0.419
Cox and Snell R	0.420
Nagelkerke R^2	0.577

p < 0.05*, p < 0.01**.

Ref = Reference category.

Data availability statement

The data is available via https://figshare.com/s/642a4b8da1e1efa29d17