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Research Paper

Role of sigma factor RpoS in Cronobacter sakazakii environmental stress tolerance

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Pages 2791-2809 | Received 12 Apr 2021, Accepted 31 May 2021, Published online: 22 Jun 2021

Figures & data

Table 1. Strains and plasmids used in this study

Table 2. Primers for PCR amplification used in this study

Figure 1. rpoS gene knockout procedure in C. sakazakii BAA894

Figure 1. rpoS gene knockout procedure in C. sakazakii BAA894

Figure 2. Protein Tris-SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of overexpressing strains

Figure 2. Protein Tris-SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of overexpressing strains

Figure 3. Analysis of the biofilm formation among the BAA894, mutant ΔrpoS and recombinant strain rpoSW

(a) Qualitative observation experiment. (b) Quantitative determination of the biofilm formation ability of each strain, the amount of biofilm formation was compared with wild type as a control.
Figure 3. Analysis of the biofilm formation among the BAA894, mutant ΔrpoS and recombinant strain rpoSW

Figure 4. Swimming motility of the wild-type, rpoS null mutant and expression recombinant strains on M9 or LB medium

Figure 4. Swimming motility of the wild-type, rpoS null mutant and expression recombinant strains on M9 or LB medium

Figure 5. Osmotic tolerance of wild-type BAA894, ΔrpoS mutant strain

(a) wild-type BAA894, (b) ΔrpoS.
Figure 5. Osmotic tolerance of wild-type BAA894, ΔrpoS mutant strain

Figure 6. Growth curves and the extracellular pH changed curves of BAA894 and rpoS null mutant ΔrpoS in M9 medium

(a) BAA894 growth curves, (b) ΔrpoS growth curves, (c) BAA894 extracellular pH changed curve, (d) ΔrpoS extracellular pH changed curve.
Figure 6. Growth curves and the extracellular pH changed curves of BAA894 and rpoS null mutant ΔrpoS in M9 medium

Figure 7. Desiccation tolerance of the wild type (WT), rpoS null mutant strains ΔrpoS and complementation strains rpoSW on (a) LB and (b) M9 medium

Figure 7. Desiccation tolerance of the wild type (WT), rpoS null mutant strains ΔrpoS and complementation strains rpoSW on (a) LB and (b) M9 medium

Figure 8. MIC determination of different antibiotics for BAA894, ΔrpoS in different cultural media. (a) LB and (b) M9

Figure 8. MIC determination of different antibiotics for BAA894, ΔrpoS in different cultural media. (a) LB and (b) M9

Figure 9. KEGG pathway cluster analysis of differently expressed genes in ΔrpoS, using BAA894 as a control

The significantly enriched pathway categories (p-value≤0.05) in the differentially expressed genes were shown. The Y-axis represents the numbers of differentially expressed genes in each category. Red bars denote the up-regulated genes, and the blues denote down-regulated genes. The culture media are (a) LB and (b) M9.
Figure 9. KEGG pathway cluster analysis of differently expressed genes in ΔrpoS, using BAA894 as a control

Figure 10. (a) Transcriptional ratios of the genes relevant to KEGG pathway significantly enriched in LB medium. (1): Flagellar assembly, (2): Bacteria chemotaxis, (3): Quorum sensing, (4): ABC transport. (b) Transcriptional ratios of the genes relevant to KEGG pathway significantly enriched in M9 medium. (1): membrane transport, (2): Signal transduction. (c) Transcriptional ratios of the genes relevant to Microbial metabolism in diverse environments in LB (1) and M9 (2). Log2R represents the ratio of gene expression in the mutant strain ΔrpoS versus the same gene in the BAA894 wild strain at logarithmic scale to base 2

Figure 10. (a) Transcriptional ratios of the genes relevant to KEGG pathway significantly enriched in LB medium. (1): Flagellar assembly, (2): Bacteria chemotaxis, (3): Quorum sensing, (4): ABC transport. (b) Transcriptional ratios of the genes relevant to KEGG pathway significantly enriched in M9 medium. (1): membrane transport, (2): Signal transduction. (c) Transcriptional ratios of the genes relevant to Microbial metabolism in diverse environments in LB (1) and M9 (2). Log2R represents the ratio of gene expression in the mutant strain ΔrpoS versus the same gene in the BAA894 wild strain at logarithmic scale to base 2