Predictive value of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) combined with D-dimer for no-reflow phenomenon in patients with acute coronary syndrome after emergency of percutaneous coronary intervention

Figures & data

Table 1. Clinical data of the study population

Variables	All subjects (N = 168)		P value
	Reflow group (n = 88)	No reflow group (n = 80)
N (Male and female)	40/48	39/41	0.669
Age (years)	57.84 ± 3.85	57.59 ± 4.36	0.648
BMI (kg/m^2)	21.49 ± 0.89	21.50 ± 0.87	0.289
Smoker (n)	51/37	35/45	0.066
Killip class ≥ II on admission	17/71	25/55	<0.001
Baseline SYNTAX score	14.76 ± 6.97	18.59 ± 7.21	<0.001
Hypertension (yes/no)	40/48	38/42	0.791
Diabetes (yes/no)	41/47	44/36	0.276
Hyperlipidemia (yes/no)	43/45	41/39	0.757
Family history of CAD (yes/no)	23/65	17/63	0.712
Creatinine (μmol/l)	91.27 ± 10.95	95.92 ± 12.36	0.366
CRP (mg/L)	8.41 ± 2.95	12.41 ± 3.53	<0.001
D-dimer (mg/l)	0.48 ± 0.24	0.83 ± 0.24	<0.001
NT-proBNP (pg/ml)	306.13 ± 99.92	458.73 ± 94.39	<0.001
Door to balloon time (min)	118.26 ± 10.94	120.75 ± 11.51	0.726
Culprit vessel (%)
Left anterior descending	37 (42.05%)	33 (41.25%)
Left circumflex artery	12 (13.64%)	17 (21.25%)
Right coronary artery	39 (44.31%)	29 (36.25%)
Left main coronary artery	0 (0)	1 (1.25%)
Number of implanted stents	1.09 ± 0.34	1.07 ± 0.31	0.742
Medication after surgery (%)
Aspirin	88 (100.00%)	79 (98.75%)	0.784
Clopidogrel	85 (96.59%)	79 (98.75%)	0.751
ACEI or ARB	46 (52.27%)	47 (58.75%)	0.620
Statins	82 (93.18%)	75 (93.75%)	0.899
β-Blockers	36 (40.91%)	35 (43.75%)	0.717

Note: Data are expressed as n or mean ± standard deviation.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein.

Figure 1. Expression level of serum NT-proBNP (a) and D-dimer (b) in ACS patients. NT-proBNP and D-dimer were significantly higher in no-reflow group than that in normal reflow group. ***P < 0.001

Figure 2. ROC curves were established to evaluate the predictive value of serum D-dimer (a), NT-proBNP (b) and D-dimer combined with NT-proBNP (c) for no reflow after PCI

Table 2. Association of different variables with the occurrence of reflow after acute coronary syndrome

Variables	OR	95% CI	P value
N (Male and female)	0.850	0.419–1.723	0.652
Age (years)	1.835	0.890–3.784	0.100
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.551	0.274–1.107	0.094
Hypertension (n)	1.134	0.567–2.267	0.722
Diabetes (n)	1.357	0.680–2.708	0.386
Hyperlipidemia (n)	1.053	0.526–2.109	0.884
Smoker (n)	0.813	0.393–1.681	0.576
D-dimer (mg/l)	3.433	1.654–7.123	0.001
NT-proBNP (pg/ml)	4.024	1.944–8.329	<0.001

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.

Table 3. Comparison of serum NT-proBNP levels at different times

Variables	All subjects (N = 168)		P value
	Reflow group (n = 88)	No-reflow group (n = 80)
Preoperative	306.13 ± 99.92	458.73 ± 94.39	<0.001
Immediately after surgery	581.77 ± 114.07	626.97 ± 136.38	0.021
2 h after surgery	277.06 ± 22.29	634.84 ± 121.46	<0.001
6 months after surgery	227.05 ± 22.04	303.62 ± 24.53	<0.001

Note: Data are expressed as n or mean ± standard deviation.

Table 4. Comparison of serum D-dimer levels at different times

Variables	All subjects (N = 168)		P value
	Reflow group (n = 88)	No-reflow group (n = 80)
Preoperative	0.48 ± 0.24	0.84 ± 0.24	<0.001
Immediately after surgery	1.31 ± 0.26	2.10 ± 0.59	<0.001
2 h after surgery	0.42 ± 0.04	2.36 ± 0.61	<0.001
6 months after surgery	0.38 ± 0.02	0.50 ± 0.10	<0.001

Note: Data are expressed as n or mean ± standard deviation.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.