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Research Paper

Hepatoprotective mechanism of Silybum marianum on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease based on network pharmacology and experimental verification

, , , , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 5216-5235 | Received 20 Dec 2021, Accepted 29 Jan 2022, Published online: 16 Feb 2022

Figures & data

Table 1. Easily absorbed active components and their basic parameters in S. marianum.

Table 2. Hepatoprotective on NAFLD targets of active components from S. marianum

Figure 1. The diagram and distribution map of degree value and betweenness centrality associated with active components of S. marianum-prediction target network.

Figure 1. The diagram and distribution map of degree value and betweenness centrality associated with active components of S. marianum-prediction target network.

Figure 2. Common targets in Venn diagram.

Figure 2. Common targets in Venn diagram.

Figure 3. The diagram and distribution map of degree value and betweenness centrality associated with active components of S. marianum–hepatoprotective-NAFLD target network.

Figure 3. The diagram and distribution map of degree value and betweenness centrality associated with active components of S. marianum–hepatoprotective-NAFLD target network.

Table 3. Core targets of S. marianum on NAFLD and their topological characteristics

Figure 4. PPI network of active compounds-hepatoprotective-NAFLD target protein of S. marianum.

Figure 4. PPI network of active compounds-hepatoprotective-NAFLD target protein of S. marianum.

Figure 5. KEGG pathway and GO biological process enrichment analysis diagrams.

Figure 5. KEGG pathway and GO biological process enrichment analysis diagrams.

Figure 6. Annotated map of the target points of the main active components of S. marianum on NAFLD-related signal pathways.

Figure 6. Annotated map of the target points of the main active components of S. marianum on NAFLD-related signal pathways.

Table 4. The results of molecular docking

Figure 7. Docking pattern of silymarin with the key target molecules.

Figure 7. Docking pattern of silymarin with the key target molecules.

Figure 8. Effects of silymarin on mice body weights and histopathological changes.

Figure 8. Effects of silymarin on mice body weights and histopathological changes.

Figure 9. Effects of silymarin on blood lipid and liver function level.

Figure 9. Effects of silymarin on blood lipid and liver function level.

Figure 10. Effects of silymarin on the expression of related proteins of NAFLD.

Figure 10. Effects of silymarin on the expression of related proteins of NAFLD.
Supplemental material

Supplemental Material

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Data availability statement

The raw data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.