Figures & data
Figure 1. Eriodictyol treatment inhibits the viability, clone-forming ability and proliferation of CRC cells. (a) FHC and HCT116 cells were treated with 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 600 μM eriodictyol for 24, 48, 72 h. CCK-8 assay was employed to detect cell viability. (b) HCT116 cells were treated with 0, 100, 200, 400 μM eriodictyol for 48 h. Colony-formation assay was employed to detect the clone-forming ability of CRC cells. (c) HCT116 cells were treated with 0, 100, 200, 400 μM eriodictyol for 48 h. EdU assay was employed to detect CRC cell proliferation. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus 0 μM Eriodictyol.
Figure 2. Eriodictyol treatment suppresses migration, invasion, and EMT of CRC cells. HCT116 cells were treated with 0, 100, 200, 400 μM eriodictyol for 48 h. (a) Wound healing assay was employed to detect CRC cell migration. (b) Transwell invasion assay was employed to detect CRC cell invasion. (c) Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of MMP2 and MMP9 in CRC cells. (d) Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and β-cadherin in CRC cells. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus 0 μM Eriodictyol.
Figure 3. Eriodictyol treatment reduces TSTA3 expression in CRC cells. HCT116 cells were treated with 0, 100, 200, 400 μM eriodictyol for 48 h. (a) RT-qPCR was employed to detect TSTA3 mRNA level in CRC cells. (b) Western blot analysis was employed to detect TSTA3 protein level in CRC cells. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 versus 0 μM Eriodictyol.
Figure 4. Overexpression of TSTA3 reverses the inhibitory effects of eriodictyol on the clone-forming and proliferative abilities of CRC cells. (a, b) HCT116 cells were transfected with Ov-TSTA3 or Ov-NC and the overexpression efficiency was validated by performing RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. *** p < 0.001 versus Ov-NC. (c) HCT116 cells receiving eriodictyol treatment were transfected with Ov-TSTA3 or Ov-NC. Colony-formation assay was employed to detect the clone-forming ability of CRC cells. (d) HCT116 cells receiving eriodictyol treatment were transfected with Ov-TSTA3 or Ov-NC. EdU assay was employed to detect CRC cell proliferation. *** p < 0.001 versus Control; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 versus Eriodictyol + Ov-NC.
Figure 5. Overexpression of TSTA3 reverses the inhibitory effects of eriodictyol on migration, invasion, and EMT of CRC cells. HCT116 cells receiving eriodictyol treatment were transfected with Ov-TSTA3 or Ov-NC. (a) Wound healing assay was employed to detect CRC cell migration. (b) Transwell invasion assay was employed to detect CRC cell invasion. (c) Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of MMP2 and MMP9 in CRC cells. (d) Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and β-cadherin in CRC cells. *** p < 0.001 versus Control; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 versus Eriodictyol + Ov-NC.
Figure 6. Eriodictyol treatment inhibits the clone-forming and proliferative abilities of CRC cells by downregulating TSTA3 expression to restrain fucosylation. (a) HCT116 cells receiving eriodictyol treatment were transfected with Ov-TSTA3 or Ov-NC. FUT2 and FUT8 enzyme activities were measured using the Glycosyltransferase activity kit. *** p < 0.001 versus Control; ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 versus Eriodictyol + Ov-NC. (b) HCT116 cells were treated with 2-F-Fuc or co-treated with 2-F-Fuc and eriodictyol. Colony-formation assay was employed to detect the clone-forming ability of CRC cells. (c) HCT116 cells were treated with 2-F-Fuc or co-treated with 2-F-Fuc and eriodictyol. EdU assay was employed to detect CRC cell proliferation. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus Control; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 versus 2-F-Fuc.
Figure 7. Eriodictyol treatment suppresses migration, invasion, and EMT of CRC cells by downregulating TSTA3 expression to restrain fucosylation. HCT116 cells were treated with 2-F-Fuc or co-treated with 2-F-Fuc and eriodictyol. (a) Wound healing assay was employed to detect CRC cell migration. (b) Transwell invasion assay was employed to detect CRC cell invasion. (c) Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of MMP2 and MMP9 in CRC cells. (d) Western blot analysis was employed to detect the levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and β-cadherin in CRC cells. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus Control; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 versus 2-F-Fuc.
