Serum miR-497-5p serves as a diagnostic biomarker for acute coronary syndrome and predicts the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention

Figures & data

Table 1. General information of the enroll participants

Parameters	ACS patients (n = 110)	Controls (n = 82)	P values
Demographic
Age, years	60.79 ± 9.01	61.82 ± 11.73	0.794
Gender, male, n (%)	60 (54.55)	42 (51.30)	0.664
BMI, kg/m^2	24.19 ± 5.05	24.14 ± 2.40	0.943
Medical history
Smoking, n (%)	60 (54.55)	34 (41.46)	0.081
Hypertension, n (%)	57 (51.82)	40 (48.78)	0.771
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	49 (44.55)	39 (47.56)	0.770
Biomarkers
TC, mmol/L	4.35 ± 0.56	4.20 ± 0.44	0.048
TG, mmol/L	1.62 (1.47, 1.77)	1.49 (1.30, 1.67)	0.001
HDL-C, mmol/L	0.94 (0.65, 1.23)	1.13 (0.92, 1.39)	0.000
LDL-C, mmol/L	2.65 (2.28, 3.00)	2.54 (2.02, 3.05)	0.248
Creatine, μmol/L	136.31 ± 12.12	135.26 ± 11.24	0.130
Hemoglobin, g/L	7.21 ± 0.65	5.27 ± 0.51	0.541
WBC, ×10^9/L	7.12 ± 1.20	6.61 ± 0.98	0.002
BNP, pg/ml	434.51 ± 174.77	-
cTnI, ng/mL	1.80 ± 0.50	-
Gensini score	57.83 ± 15.09	-

Note: BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cells, TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; WBC, white blood cell; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP); cTnI, cardiac troponin I; Date was presented as mean ± SD, or median (first quartile, third quartile), or N (%).  

Figure 1. The serum expression of miR-497-5p in acute coronary syndromes patients and the correlation with Gensini score. (a) Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect serum miR-497-5p levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome and healthy individuals. (b) In acute coronary syndromes patients, the Pearson correlation coefficient examined the relationship of miR-497-5p and Gensini score. ***P < 0.001 versus controls.

Table 2. Association of different variables with the occurrence of ACS

Variables	OR	95% CI	P value
Age	0.944	0.459–1.942	0.875
Gender	0.862	0.425–1.748	0.680
BMI	0.871	0.425–1.784	0.705
Smoking	0.593	0.291–1.210	0.151
Hypertension	0.667	0.324–1.373	0.271
Diabetes mellitus	1.132	0.552–2.321	0.734
TC	0.720	0.352–1.472	0.368
TG	0.610	0.302–1.235	0.170
HDL-C	1.500	0.743–3.029	0.258
LDL-C	1.427	0.700–2.912	0.328
Creatine	0.767	0.373–1.576	0.470
Hemoglobin	1.181	0.584–2.390	0.643
WBC	1.831	0.896–3.742	0.097
MiR-497-5p	8.553	4.113–17.787	0.000

Note: BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cells, TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; WBC, white blood cell.

Figure 2. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves verified the clinical diagnostic value of miR-497-5p in predicting ACS.

Table 3. Multivariate Cox regression analysis of independent risk factors for MACE within 6 months in ACS patients

Characteristics	Multivariate analysis
	HR	95%CI	P
miR-497-5p	4.773	1.569–12.036	0.013
Age	2.658	0.743–6.435	0.132
Gender	0.703	0.337–1.847	0.535
BMI	0.835	0.335–2.149	0.770
Smoking	1.374	0.658–3.895	0.563
Hypertension	1.898	0.243–1.537	0.253
Diabetes mellitus	0.581	0.289–1.614	0.340
TC	1.198	0.774–5.065	0.763
TG	0.862	0.627–4.338	0.825
HDL-C	0.899	0.308–1.841	0.858
LDL-C	0.497	0.296–1.734	0.279
Creatine	1.447	0.793–4.707	0.538
Hemoglobin	1.549	0.591–3.644	0.459
WBC	0.591	0.291–1.632	0.363
cTnI	4.664	1.222–9.099	0.028
NT-proBNP	3.052	1.107–8.225	0.068
Gensini score	3.405	0.885–5.780	0.041

Note BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cells, TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; WBC, white blood cell; cTnI, cardiac troponin I; N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, NT-proBNP.

Figure 3. Kaplan-Meier survival curves based on serum miR-497-5p expression in ACS patients at 6 months.

Figure 4. Correlation between serum miR-497-5p and endothelial adhesion factors ICAM-1 (a) VCAM-1 (b) as well as inflammatory factors IL-1β (c) and TNF-α (d) was evaluated by Person correlation coefficient.