Effect of deep eutectic solvent pretreatment on biohydrogen production from corncob: pretreatment temperature and duration

Figures & data

Table 1. Effect of DES pretreatment temperature and duration on composition of corncob.

		Pretreatment (%)				Composition of residues (%)
Conditions		Cellulose reservation	Xylan loss	Lignin removal	Residues recovery	Cellulose	Xylan	Lignin
Untreated		100	0	0	100	32.10±1.16	28.54±0.64	13.91±0.16
Temperature (°C)	30	83.77 ± 1.85	25.64 ± 1.51	47.42 ± 0.28	76.02 ± 0.18	35.37 ± 0.78	27.92 ± 0.11	9.62 ± 0.05
	50	87.01 ± 6.42	33.38 ± 2.28	73.75 ± 1.48	72.00 ± 0.22	38.79 ± 1.52	26.41 ± 0.65	5.07 ± 0.29
	70	85.35 ± 0.39	44.05 ± 3.88	91.26 ± 1.22	68.25 ± 0.41	40.14 ± 1.27	23.40 ± 1.39	1.78 ± 0.25
	90	77.43 ± 2.25	56.32 ± 2.50	92.92 ± 2.44	58.26 ± 0.38	42.66 ± 0.33	21.40 ± 0.75	1.69 ± 0.93
	110	76.67 ± 3.97	59.22 ± 1.23	95.93 ± 3.76	56.56 ± 0.16	43.51 ± 1.27	20.58 ± 0.19	1.00 ± 0.40
Time (h)	3	82.58 ± 0.73	22.37 ± 0.78	53.95 ± 0.78	80.25 ± 0.20	33.03 ± 0.29	27.61 ± 0.28	7.98 ± 0.14
	6	83.78 ± 1.32	27.01 ± 4.76	63.91 ± 1.29	78.06 ± 0.15	34.45 ± 0.54	26.69 ± 1.74	6.43 ± 0.23
	9	87.01 ± 1.85	33.38 ± 1.64	73.75 ± 1.48	72.00 ± 0.03	38.79 ± 0.82	26.41 ± 0.65	5.07 ± 0.29
	12	89.17 ± 5.56	44.23 ± 1.22	79.15 ± 0.98	70.25 ± 0.63	40.74 ± 1.14	22.66 ± 0.49	4.13 ± 0.19
	15	88.22 ± 2.46	50.59 ± 3.72	82.83 ± 0.21	65.58 ± 0.32	43.18 ± 1.21	21.51 ± 1.62	3.64 ± 0.05

The effect of DES pretreatment temperature on composition of corncob was conducted with pretreatment duration of 9 h. And the pretreatment temperature was fixed at 50°C to explore the effect of pretreatment duration on ECE of hydrogen production.

Figure1. Effect of DES pretreatment on enzymatic saccharification.

Figure 2. Effect of DES pretreatment on hydrogen yield (a) and hydrogen production rate (b).

Table 2. Kinetic parameters of hydrogen production by modified Gompertz model.

Conditions		Hmax (mL)	rm (mL/h)	λ (h)	R^2
Untreated		255.79	4.95	33.30	0.9989
Temperature (°C)	30	271.20	5.76	33.11	0.9960
	50	580.78	9.71	26.69	0.9976
	70	561.02	8.98	24.13	0.9967
	90	393.97	8.26	24.69	0.9976
	110	334.21	8.61	22.01	0.9990
Time (h)	3	302.41	6.85	14.40	0.9942
	6	387.43	6.30	15.67	0.9933
	9	580.78	9.71	26.69	0.9976
	12	715.08	10.52	22.05	0.9987
	15	658.70	10.79	22.94	0.9990

Table 3. Comparison of biohydrogen production under different pretreatment methods.

Raw material	Pretreatment mothed	Pretreatment condition	Hydrogen yield (mL/g)	Reference
Corncob	Thermochemical method	2% H2SO4, solids loading of 8%, 160°C, 15 min	132	[25]
Corncob	Ultrafine grinding pretreatment	Initial particle size of .45 mm, milling time of 2 h, ball to powder weight of 20:1	153	[42]
Corncob	Acid steam-explosion pretreatment	0.5% H2SO4 for 1 h, then 1.21 MPa/121°C steam for 20 min	119	[44]
Corn stalk	Torrefaction pretreatment	200°C, 10 min	123	[46]
Corn stalk	Alkali pretreatment	2% NaOH, room temperature, 60 min	137	[5]
Rice straw	Organosolv pretreatment	Ethanol 45%, solid to liquid ratio of 1:12, 180°C, 30 min	19	[47]
Rice straw	Alkali/urea solution at low temperature pretreatment	7% NaOH, 12% urea, solids loading of 3%, −12°C, 3 min	24	[48]
Wheat straw	Hydrothermal alkali pretreatment	2% NaOH, 170°C for 1 h	133	[49]
Sugarcane bagasse	Hydrochloric acid pretreatment	7.36% HCl, 96.8°C, 441.6 min	53	[50]
Giant reed	Ionic liquids pretreatment	HSO4 of 16 g/L, 80°C, 3 h	106	[39]

Figure 3. Correlation analysis of corncob composition, enzymatic hydrolysis and hydrogen production.

Figure 4. Energy conversion efficiency of pretreated corncob.

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Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.