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Materials Research Letters Volume 4, 2016 - Issue 3
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Attempts to synthesise quaternary MAX phases (Zr,M)2AlC and Zr2(Al,A)C as a way to approach Zr2AlC

Denis HorlaitDepartment of Materials and Centre for Nuclear Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2BP, UKCorrespondence[email protected]
[email protected]
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,
Salvatore GrassoSchool of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, LondonE1 4NS, UKView further author information
,
Alexander ChroneosFaculty of Engineering and Computing, Coventry University, CoventryCV1 5FB, UKView further author information
&
William E. LeeDepartment of Materials and Centre for Nuclear Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2BP, UKView further author information
Pages 137-144 | Received 29 Oct 2015, Accepted 12 Jan 2016, Published online: 09 Feb 2016

Figures & data

Table 1. Summary of syntheses results. Dwelling times are given in the experimental section. In the last column, obtained phases are given in descending order with respect to their relative amount according to XRD and the MAX phases are rendered in bold. The compositions of the phases identified in this table are that of the closest matching with reference datasheets. For actual MAX phases compositions measured by EDX, refer to Table .

Table 2. Unit cell parameters of the produced Zr2(Al1-xAx)C quaternary MAX phases and comparison with existing ternary 211 MAX phases.

Figure 1. (Colour online) X-ray diffractograms of the powder samples obtained after heating the Zr2(Al0.5Sn0.5)C, Zr2(Al0.5Sb0.5)C and Zr2(Al0.5Pb0.5)C compositions to 1300°C for 10 h.

Figure 1. (Colour online) X-ray diffractograms of the powder samples obtained after heating the Zr2(Al0.5Sn0.5)C, Zr2(Al0.5Sb0.5)C and Zr2(Al0.5Pb0.5)C compositions to 1300°C for 10 h.

Figure 2. SEM images (secondary electron mode) of, (a) Zr2(Al0.2Sn0.8)C, (b) Zr2(Al0.3Sb0.7)C and (c) Zr2(Al0.35Pb0.65)C. In (a) according to EDX the shown grains only consist of Zr2(Al0.2Sn0.8)C (secondary phases present elsewhere). In (b) and (c) the darker contrast plate grains are respectively Zr2(Al0.3Sb0.7)C and Zr2(Al0.35Pb0.65)C, while the lighter surrounding grains are various secondary phases (see Table ). All images are for a reaction temperature of 1300°C (10 h dwelling).

Figure 2. SEM images (secondary electron mode) of, (a) Zr2(Al0.2Sn0.8)C, (b) Zr2(Al0.3Sb0.7)C and (c) Zr2(Al0.35Pb0.65)C. In (a) according to EDX the shown grains only consist of Zr2(Al0.2Sn0.8)C (secondary phases present elsewhere). In (b) and (c) the darker contrast plate grains are respectively Zr2(Al0.3Sb0.7)C and Zr2(Al0.35Pb0.65)C, while the lighter surrounding grains are various secondary phases (see Table 1). All images are for a reaction temperature of 1300°C (10 h dwelling).

Figure 3. (Colour online) Lattice parameters a (top), c (middle) and unit cell volume V (bottom) variations in the Zr2(Al1-xSnx)C, Zr2(Al1-xSbx)C and Zr2(Al1-xPbx)C MAX phase systems as a function of x. Hollow symbols are for literature values (see Table  for references). Zr2AlC values (x = 0) were selected from the most recent DFT calculation estimates [Citation14].

Figure 3. (Colour online) Lattice parameters a (top), c (middle) and unit cell volume V (bottom) variations in the Zr2(Al1-xSnx)C, Zr2(Al1-xSbx)C and Zr2(Al1-xPbx)C MAX phase systems as a function of x. Hollow symbols are for literature values (see Table 2 for references). Zr2AlC values (x = 0) were selected from the most recent DFT calculation estimates [Citation14].

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