2,519
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Reports

Laser additive manufacturing of titanium alloys with various Al contents

, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 391-398 | Received 20 Sep 2022, Published online: 11 Jan 2023

Figures & data

Table 1. Chemical compositions (wt%) of the as-built Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84 bars.

Figure 1. XRD profiles of the as-built Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84.

Figure 1. XRD profiles of the as-built Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84.

Figure 2. Comparison of the microstructures in as-built Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84. (a) Reconstructed prior-β grains from the (b) EBSD inverse pole figure maps of α’ laths. (c) Magnified images of the black boxes in (b). (d) Width distributions of the primary α’ lath in the three alloys.

Figure 2. Comparison of the microstructures in as-built Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84. (a) Reconstructed prior-β grains from the (b) EBSD inverse pole figure maps of α’ laths. (c) Magnified images of the black boxes in (b). (d) Width distributions of the primary α’ lath in the three alloys.

Figure 3. (a − c) Bright field TEM images of as-built Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84. (d − f) Width distributions of the secondary/ternary α’ lath. (g − i) Schematic illustrations of the different microstructures in Ti44, Ti64 and Ti84.

Figure 3. (a − c) Bright field TEM images of as-built Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84. (d − f) Width distributions of the secondary/ternary α’ lath. (g − i) Schematic illustrations of the different microstructures in Ti44, Ti64 and Ti84.

Figure 4. Tensile properties of the three materials. (a, b) Stress-strain curves of Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84 specimens. (c) Work hardening rates in the three alloys. (d) Comparing the YS and uniform elongation values of Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84 with other as-built LPBF Ti64 in the literature [Citation3,Citation10,Citation16–22].

Figure 4. Tensile properties of the three materials. (a, b) Stress-strain curves of Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84 specimens. (c) Work hardening rates in the three alloys. (d) Comparing the YS and uniform elongation values of Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84 with other as-built LPBF Ti64 in the literature [Citation3,Citation10,Citation16–22].

Table 2. UTS, YS, εu, εf, and n values for Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84.

Figure 5. (a) Stress-strain curves from the LUR test of Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84. (b) The fourth hysteresis loops in the three alloys. (c) Schematic of calculating the HDI stress. (d) Evolutions of the HDI stress values in Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84.

Figure 5. (a) Stress-strain curves from the LUR test of Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84. (b) The fourth hysteresis loops in the three alloys. (c) Schematic of calculating the HDI stress. (d) Evolutions of the HDI stress values in Ti44, Ti64, and Ti84.